Luther- THE EVENTS

Question 1

95 theses

Answer 1

Should have faith in God rather than the Pope
Faith
Indulgences

Question 2

Debate at Augsburg

Answer 2

Luther summoned to meet with papal representative Cardinal Cajetan.
Told to recant- refuses–denounced as a heretic and flees to Wittenburg under protection of Frederick the Wise.

Question 3

Debate at Leipzig

Answer 3

Theological disputation between Karlstadt with Luther and Eck

Question 4

Papal Bull

Answer 4

60 day period to recant

censored some of the 95 theses.

Question 5

Pulication of the 3 great works

Answer 5

Appeal to the German nobilty- reform, min. monk age…
Babylonian captivity of the Church- Latin for theologians
Nobilty of the Christian man- greatest work

Question 6

Diet of Worms

Answer 6

Luther summoned to renounce or rreaffirm his views- led by Charles V

Question 7

Edict of Worms

Answer 7

The decree by emperor declarin Luther as an obsinate heretic, banned the reading or possession of his writings.
Luther kidnapped by Frederick for his own safety- Wartburg castle.

Question 8

Unrest in Wittenburg

Answer 8

Karlstadt (Luther’s ex-friend) had assumed lead role in government and was very radical- smashing shit and welcoming extremists.

Question 9

Publication of German testament

Answer 9

Widely avaliable thanks to the printing press

Question 10

1st diet of speyer

Answer 10

Interpret the Edict of Worms however you wish!- protestant princes first admitted to Lutheranism.

Question 11

2nd diet of Speyer

Answer 11

Overturned the 1st one- EDICT OF VORMS MUST BE STRICT AGIAN!

Question 12

THe colloquy of Marlburg

Answer 12

Philp of Hesse was the peacemaker between Zwingli and Luther but failed to unite the 2 protestant forces due to petty bickering over the Eucharist.

Question 13

The diet of Augsburg

Answer 13

Charles’ aim was to restore unity within the church, enlist German aid for the struggle against the Ottoman Turks & Princely approval for Ferdinand’s nomination to be king. Both CAtholic and protestant theologians were present.

Question 14

The confession of Augsburg

Answer 14

Aimed to define Lutheranism and reassure to the Catholics that its not heretical. Presented AT the diet of Augsburg.
Written in German and LAtin.

Question 15

The formation of the Schmalkdic league

Answer 15

Philip of Hesse. SUper formal opposition to imperial power. The 1st group of princes acting outside recongised political structure of the empire. THE EMPEREOR COULD NOT OPPOSE-

Question 16

The peace of Nuremberg

Answer 16

Schmaldic league recieves backing from the King of France. -Gained Charles money for fighting the otto-Turkeys- so again Charles went off to fight.

Question 17

Restoration of the Duke of Wittenburg to his territories

Answer 17

At the expense of the HAbsburgs and aided by French financial backing…
League FORCED Ferdinand and Charles to accept the Duke of Urlich as their rightful leader.

Question 18

The wittenburg concord

Answer 18

A Concordat signed by the likes of MARTIN BUCER, LUTHER & MELANCTHON amoung many others.
It ensured unity amoung the German states.

Question 19

THe schmaldic articles

Answer 19

BEGAN THE INEVITABLE ROAD TO WAR…

A response to the Papal Bull it outlined the Stuff they deemed UNCOMPROMISABLE & justified the resistance to the emperor with the word of God.

Question 20

Crisis of the Duchy of Cleaves

Answer 20

Upon the Death of Duke JOhn, son William inherited shit loads of land from both of his parents– It created a POWER BLOCK in North Germany and threatened Habsburg supply routes.

Question 21

The colloquy of Regensburg

Answer 21

Possible compromise between Lutherans and Charles… FAILED

Question 22

The book of Regensburg.

Answer 22

Satisfied the moderates– Obviously led to failure- THE EXTREMISTS ARE THE ONES WHO ARE GONNA CAUSE THE SHIT!

Question 23

Charles return to the empire

Answer 23

All of N.Germany were already protestant. He attempted to befriend the Schmaldic league and built up a seires of alliances with the princes

Question 24

The peace of Crepy

Answer 24

A treaty between FRANCis (King of FRANCe) and Charles V.

It allowed Charles to concentrate neutralizing the support of the German Protestants . NEGATIVE AFFECT ON LUTHERANISM.

Question 25

Death of Luther

Answer 25

x_x

Question 26

Diet of Regensburg and the start of the Schmaldic war

Answer 26

Protestant princes failed to show up so Charles prepared for War

Question 27

The Battle of Muhlberg

Answer 27

A bloody good victory for charles and a crushing defeat for the schmaldic league- Elector John, Frederick I of Saxony & Landgrave Philip of Hesse amoung others were captured.

Question 28

Diet of Augsburg and Augsburg interium

Answer 28

• Ordered Protestants to re adopt traditional Catholic beliefs however it also allowed protestant clergymen to marry & for laity to receive communion in both Kinds

Question 29

The league of the German Princes

Answer 29

Backing from the French king- HenryII & MAurice of Saxony.- FIRST OFFICIAL BACKING–IT WILL SURVIVE :o

Question 30

Peace of Passau

Answer 30

Protestants angry about the interim.
New league of German princes came to the rescue and with the aid of Henry II to ensure the PRINCES WAR.
After 3 years of religious war, Charles was weary… and GRANTED LUTHERAN RELIGIOUS FREEDOM! Also freed the prisoners of the schmaldic war and took back the terms of the interim

Question 31

Charles hands over the control of the Holy Roman Empire…

Answer 31

To Ferdinand who had secret Lutheran sympathies.

Question 32

The peace of Augsburg

Answer 32

HIS TERRITORY, HIS RELIGION!