Luther Flashcards
What two things did the Emperor want at the Diet of Worms 1521?
An imperial army
An imperial tax
When and where was Luther born?
1483 in Eisselben
When and where did Luther die?
1546 in Eisselben
When did Luther go to the University of Wittenberg?
1508
When did Luther finish his doctorate in theology?
1512
What does ‘Sola Fide’ mean?
Faith Alone
What were indulgences?
A vast pool of merit that could be sold to lessen people’s time in purgatory
Why did the Church need indulgences?
To rebuild St. Peter’s Vasillican
Who was in charge of selling indulgences?
Archbishop of Mainz
What did John Tetzel say to sell indulgences?
‘A coin in the coffer rings, a soul into heaven springs’
What happened when Luther was summoned to Heidelberg?
Augustinian monks say that they find no wrong with him
When and where was Luther’s interview with Cardinal Cajetan?
12th October 1518 at Augsburg
When was the Leipzig Disputation?
July 1519
Who was John Huss?
A man who questioned the authority and power of the Pope (like Luther) and was summoned to a council under false pretence and burnt in 1415
What happened in June 1520?
100 knights pledge their support for Luther
The Pope issues a Bull of Excommunication (Exsurge Domine)
When did Luther burn the Bull of Excommunication and books of Church law?
10th September 1520
What happened on the 17th April 1521?
Luther asked for a day to prepare a reply for if his writings were his and he defended them
When did Luther make his speech at the Diet of Worms?
18th April 1521
Where did Frederick the Wise take Luther after ‘kidnapping’ him?
Wartburg
What alias did Luther take on while hiding in Wartburg?
Junker George the knight
What did Luther do while at Wartburg?
Translated the New Testament from Latin to German
What caused the Peasants Revolt?
Poor harvest
Low wages
Rack renting
Church requiring a tithe (tenth) of peasants harvest
What dis Luther publish on the 5th May 1525?
‘Against the murdering, thieving hordes of peasants’
What is iconoclasm?
Destruction of images or objects representing the Church
Who did Luther marry?
Catherine Vora
What was the edict of Worms?
Luther and his writings were banned
When was the Diet of Speyer and what happened?
1526 and Ferdinand (Charles V’s brother) was in charge due to Charles being away in France and suspended the edict of Worms, allowing the expansion of Lutheranism
What were Frequently Asked Questions Luther answered called?
The Catechisms
When and what happened in the second Diet of Speyer?
1529
Charles V wishes to reintroduce the edict of Worms and ban Lutheranism (now becoming known as Protestantism)
Who was Zwingli and what did him and Luther fall out over?
Luther’s mirror image in Zurich
Luther and Zwingli fell out over the issue of bread and wine at Communion Zwingli says bread and wine is symbolic
Luther says it’s physically Christ
When and where did Zwingli die
1531 at the Battle of Capel
What did Phillip of Hesse fail to achieve in 1529?
A reconciliation between Zwingli and Luther at Marburg
What happened at the Diet of Augsburg 1530?
Protestants presented the Augsburg Confession - A show of their ideas and beliefs
The Emperor rejected this
When was the Shmalkaldic League formed?
1531
What did Phillip of Hesse commit in 1539?
Bigamy - Marrying another woman while still being married
Luther tries to defend Phillip as bigamy is punishable by death
Bad for Shmalkaldic League as Phillip is one of the leading figures
When did Charles V abdicate and give up Spain?
Abdicated 1555
Gave up Spain 1556
When was the Peace of Augsburg and what were its effects?
1555
Prince is given authority to choose religion of state
Very successful - No religious warfare until 1618
Both religious factions are recognised
Which king supported the Shmalkaldic League?
Francis I of France
When and where did Luther post his 95 Theses?
31st October 1517 on the church door at Wittenberg
