Lungs And Ribs Flashcards
How many true ,false and incomplete ribs are there
True is 1 to 7
False 7-10
Incomplete is 11 and 12
What is the main muscle used to breath in passive breathing
Diaphragm
What nerves innervate the diaphragm
Phrenic
How many lobes does each lung have
Right is 3 left is 2
Right is superior ,middle and inferior
Left is superior and inferior
What is the point called where the trachea splits
Carina
How does right and left bronchi shape
Right more straight and branches off slightly higher so clinical relevance in aspiration ,left more diagonal as it goes around the heart
Where is chaise drain usually placed
T2 intercostal space found next to sternal amgle
Difference between type 1 and 2 pneumocytes of alveolar epithelium
Type 1 are flat squamous epithelial cells that allow gas exchange less common but contribute to more of the surface area
Type 2 are surfactant producing that allow inflation of alveoli during inspiration
Where does the pleura connect
At the lung root
Where does gas exchange happen
Respiratory bronchioles
Order of lower respiratory tract
Trachea ,carina,left or right bronchus,segmental bronchi,bronchioles,terminal bronchioles,respiratory bronchioles
What does terminal bronchioles lead to
Give rise to respiratory bronchioles then to alveoli where gas exchange occurs with interconnected capillaries
Respiratory bronchioles histology
Lined with ciliated cuboidal epithelium
Contain some secretory cells called Clara cells
Resp bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts then to alveolar sacs which are surrounded by alveolar capillaries and pulmonary vascular system
What is lung hilum and lung root
Lung hilum is where the structures go into each lung
Lung root is where the pleura reflects around the structures
What vertebral level do things pass through the diaphragm
T8 vena cava , T10 oesophgus , T12 aorta
