Lungs and Pleura Flashcards
Where is the visceral pleura located anteriorly (midclavicular)?
At the 6th rib.
Where is the parietal pleura located anteriorly (midclavicular)?
At the 8th rib.
Where is the visceral pleura located laterally (midaxillary)?
At the 8th rib.
Where is the parietal pleura located laterally (midaxillary)?
At the 10th rib.
Where is the visceral pleura located posteriorly (scapular line)?
At the 10th rib.
Where is the parietal pleura located posteriorly (scapular line)?
At the 12th rib.
Where are the pulmonary LN located?
In the lung itself, along the bronchial tree.
Where are the bronchopulmonary LN located?
At the hilum of the lung.
Where are the tracheobronchial LN located?
At the tracheal bifurcation (have both superior and inferior)
What is another name for the inferior tracheobronchial LN?
The subcarinal LN.
What is the lymphatic drainage of the superficial/subpleural plexus?
Drains the visceral pleura and part of the lung parenchyma.
What is the lymphatic drainage of the deep pulmonary plexus?
The larger bronchioles and bronchi. The lymphatic channels are in the submucosa of the bronchi.
What path do the lymphatic channels of the superficial plexus take?
They drain to the bronchopulmonary LN, then to the superior and inferior tracheobronchial LN, and then to the bronchomediastinal trunk.
What path do the lymphatic channels of the deep pulmonary plexus take?
They drain to the pulmonary LN, then to the bronchopulmonary LN, then to the tracheobronchial LN and finally to the bronchomediastinal trunk.
Where does the left bronchomediastinal trunk drain?
Into the thoracic duct.
Where does the right bronchomediastinal trunk drain?
Into the right lymphatic duct.
Where does lymph from the left inferior lobe drain?
Into the right superior tracheobronchial LN.
Where do you auscultate anteriorly to listen to the superior lobe?
Above the 4th rib.
Where do you auscultate anteriorly to listen to the middle lobe (right lung)?
Between the 4th and 6th ribs.
Where do you auscultate posteriorly to listen to the superior lobe?
Above the 4th rib.
Where do you auscultate posteriorly to listen to the inferior lobe?
Below the 4th rib.
What are the surfaces of the lungs?
The diaphragmatic, the costal, the mediastinal, and the cervical surfaces.
What does the mediastinal surface of the lung form?
It forms the pulmonary ligament, which helps keep the lungs in place in the thoracic cavity.
What supports the apex of the lung/ the cervical surface of the lung?
The suprapleural membrane.
Where does the apex of the lung end?
Just superior to the first rib.
What is clinically relevant about the the cervical pleura extending into the neck?
It may be punctured as a result of wounds/surgery.
What is the innervation of the parietal pleura?
Somatic innervation by the intercostal and phrenic nerves.
What is the innervation of the visceral pleura?
Autonomic innervation from the pulmonary plexus.
What is the blood supply of the pleura?
The intercostal arteries and the pericardiacophrenic arteries.
Where does the trachea originate?
At C6.
Where are the intercostal spaces located?
Between the rib in question and the one inferior (ex. the 5th intercostal space is between the 5th and 6th ribs).
Where is the cardiac notch located?
On the left superior lobe.
What is each bronchopulmonary segment supplied by?
One tertiary bronchus and one pulmonary artery.
