Lungs and Pleura

Question 1

Where is the visceral pleura located anteriorly (midclavicular)?

Answer 1

At the 6th rib.

Question 2

Where is the parietal pleura located anteriorly (midclavicular)?

Answer 2

At the 8th rib.

Question 3

Where is the visceral pleura located laterally (midaxillary)?

Answer 3

At the 8th rib.

Question 4

Where is the parietal pleura located laterally (midaxillary)?

Answer 4

At the 10th rib.

Question 5

Where is the visceral pleura located posteriorly (scapular line)?

Answer 5

At the 10th rib.

Question 6

Where is the parietal pleura located posteriorly (scapular line)?

Answer 6

At the 12th rib.

Question 7

Where are the pulmonary LN located?

Answer 7

In the lung itself, along the bronchial tree.

Question 8

Where are the bronchopulmonary LN located?

Answer 8

At the hilum of the lung.

Question 9

Where are the tracheobronchial LN located?

Answer 9

At the tracheal bifurcation (have both superior and inferior)

Question 10

What is another name for the inferior tracheobronchial LN?

Answer 10

The subcarinal LN.

Question 11

What is the lymphatic drainage of the superficial/subpleural plexus?

Answer 11

Drains the visceral pleura and part of the lung parenchyma.

Question 12

What is the lymphatic drainage of the deep pulmonary plexus?

Answer 12

The larger bronchioles and bronchi. The lymphatic channels are in the submucosa of the bronchi.

Question 13

What path do the lymphatic channels of the superficial plexus take?

Answer 13

They drain to the bronchopulmonary LN, then to the superior and inferior tracheobronchial LN, and then to the bronchomediastinal trunk.

Question 14

What path do the lymphatic channels of the deep pulmonary plexus take?

Answer 14

They drain to the pulmonary LN, then to the bronchopulmonary LN, then to the tracheobronchial LN and finally to the bronchomediastinal trunk.

Question 15

Where does the left bronchomediastinal trunk drain?

Answer 15

Into the thoracic duct.

Question 16

Where does the right bronchomediastinal trunk drain?

Answer 16

Into the right lymphatic duct.

Question 17

Where does lymph from the left inferior lobe drain?

Answer 17

Into the right superior tracheobronchial LN.

Question 18

Where do you auscultate anteriorly to listen to the superior lobe?

Answer 18

Above the 4th rib.

Question 19

Where do you auscultate anteriorly to listen to the middle lobe (right lung)?

Answer 19

Between the 4th and 6th ribs.

Question 20

Where do you auscultate posteriorly to listen to the superior lobe?

Answer 20

Above the 4th rib.

Question 21

Where do you auscultate posteriorly to listen to the inferior lobe?

Answer 21

Below the 4th rib.

Question 22

What are the surfaces of the lungs?

Answer 22

The diaphragmatic, the costal, the mediastinal, and the cervical surfaces.

Question 23

What does the mediastinal surface of the lung form?

Answer 23

It forms the pulmonary ligament, which helps keep the lungs in place in the thoracic cavity.

Question 24

What supports the apex of the lung/ the cervical surface of the lung?

Answer 24

The suprapleural membrane.

Question 25

Where does the apex of the lung end?

Answer 25

Just superior to the first rib.

Question 26

What is clinically relevant about the the cervical pleura extending into the neck?

Answer 26

It may be punctured as a result of wounds/surgery.

Question 27

What is the innervation of the parietal pleura?

Answer 27

Somatic innervation by the intercostal and phrenic nerves.

Question 28

What is the innervation of the visceral pleura?

Answer 28

Autonomic innervation from the pulmonary plexus.

Question 29

What is the blood supply of the pleura?

Answer 29

The intercostal arteries and the pericardiacophrenic arteries.

Question 30

Where does the trachea originate?

Answer 30

At C6.

Question 31

Where are the intercostal spaces located?

Answer 31

Between the rib in question and the one inferior (ex. the 5th intercostal space is between the 5th and 6th ribs).

Question 32

Where is the cardiac notch located?

Answer 32

On the left superior lobe.

Question 33

What is each bronchopulmonary segment supplied by?

Answer 33

One tertiary bronchus and one pulmonary artery.