Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Thorax > Lungs > Flashcards

Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the morphological differences between the lungs?

A

Right lung

  • shorter
  • wider

Right lung: 625gm
Left lung: 565gm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the apex of each lung sit?

A

lies in inlet of thorax, 2.5cm above clavicle

- anterior to subclavian a. v.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What structures run immediately posterior to apex?

A 
sympathetic trunk (medial-lateral)
1st posterior intercostal v.
superior intercostal a.
ascending branch of ventral ramus of 1st thoracic n.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

At what level does the cardiac notch begin?

A

4th costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

At what vertebral level does the posterior border extend between?

A

C7 - T10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two lung surfaces called?

A

Costal surface AND medial surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the subdivisions of the lung medial surface?

A

(A) Posterior (or Vertebral)

B) Anterior (or mediastinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What structures is the vertebral surface related to?

A

(a) Vertebrae
(b) Intervertebral Discs
(c) Posterior intercostal vessels
(d) splanchnic n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What structures is the left mediastinal surface related to?

A 
HEART 
1. Left ventricle
2. Left auricle
3. Infundibulum
4. Right ventricle
5. Pulmonary Trunk
6. Arch of Aorta
7. Descending thoracic aorta
VESSELS
8. Thoracic Duct
9. Left subclavian a.
10. Esophagus
11. Left brachiocephalic v.
12. Left vagus n.
13. Phrenic nerves
14. Left recurrent laryngeal nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what structures is the right mediastinal surface related to?

A
  1. right atrium
  2. right auricle
  3. right ventricle
  4. Pulmonary trunk
  5. SVC
  6. right brachiocephalic v.
  7. azygos v.
  8. Esophagus
  9. IVC
  10. Trachea
  11. Right vagus n.
  12. right phrenic nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which lung has two fissures?

A

right lung

  • horizontal
  • oblique
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

On which lung is the oblique fissure?

A

Both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the position of the oblique fissure?

A

Passes obliquely downward and forward

  • Crosses posterior border of lung 6cm below apex.
  • Crosses inferior border 5cm from medial plane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the position of the horizontal fissure?

A

passes from the anterior border to oblique fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which fissures are present on the left lung?

A

oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which fissure are present on the right lung?

A

oblique & horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

At what level is the horizontal fissure?

A

4th costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

At what line does the horizontal fissure meet the oblique fissure?

A

midaxillary line

19
Q

How many lobes does each lung have?

A

right - 3 (upper, middle, lower)

left -2 (upper, lower)

20
Q

How many bronchopulmonary segments does each lung have?

21
Q

What is an azygos lobe?

A

An anatomical variant of the upper lobe of right lung.

22
Q

What shape are bronchopulmonary segments?

A

Pyramidal shaped, with apex facing the lung root and base at the pleural surface.

23
Q

What are the individual respiratory units of the lungs?

A

Bronchopulmonary segments

24
Q

What separates bronchopulmonary segments?

A

connective tissue septa, which is continuous with surface pulmonary pleura

25
Q

How are bronchopulmonary segments named?

A

according to the segmental bronchus supplying it

26
Q

What is the airway distribution to the bronchopulmonary segments.

A

Each segment is supplied independently by a tertiary bronchus

27
Q

What is the arterial distribution to the bronchopulmonary segments.

A

Each segment is supplied independently by a tertiary branch of the pulmonary artery.

28
Q

What is the venous distribution to the bronchopulmonary segments?

A

Each segment is drained by intersegmental parts of pulmonary veins that lie in intersegmental space.

29
Q

Why is it not a bronchovascular segment?

A

because each does not have its own veins.

30
Q

What is the hilum comprised of?

A

Structures entering the lung

31
Q

At what level is the lung hilum?

A

T5-T7 vertebrae

32
Q

List the arterial supply to the lungs.

A

Bronchial arteries
- right (1)
- left (2)
Pulmonary arteries

33
Q

What is the right bronchial a. origin?

A

is a branch of 3rd posterior intercostal a.

34
Q

What is the left bronchial a. origin?

A

is a branch of the descending thoracic aorta

35
Q

What do the pulmonary arteries supply?

A

respiratory part of bronchial tree, via capillary plexus

36
Q

What do the bronchial arteries supply?

A

the lung until the beginning of the respiratory bronchiole

37
Q

List the veins associated with the lungs.

A

Bronchial Veins
- Superifical
- deep
Pulmonary Veins (4)

38
Q

What do the superficial bronchial veins supply?

A

pleura & extrapulmonary bronchi

39
Q

Where do the superficial bronchial veins terminate?

A

right - azygos vein

left - left superior intercostal vein

40
Q

What do the deep bronchial veins supply?

A

bronchial tree & lung parenchyma

41
Q

What do the deep bronchial veins terminate?

A

pulmonary veins

42
Q

Where are pulmonary plexuses found?

A

anterior and posterior to structures at hila of the lungs

43
Q

What nerves from the pulmonary plexuses?

A
  1. cardiac branches of 2-5th thoracic sympathetic ganglia
  2. vagus n.
  3. cervical sympathetic cardiac nerves.
  • left additionally receives branches of left recurrent laryngeal n.

Thorax (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions