Lungs Flashcards
Which structures pass through the hilum of the lung?
Pulmonary artery and vein (most anterior)
Right and left main bronchus (most posterior)
Bronchial artery and vein
Lymph nodes
Autonomic nerves
What is the difference between the right and left lung at the upper most portion?
The right upper end on the medial side lies against the oesophagus and the trachea with only the pleura intervening.
ON the left the subclavian artery and left common carotid in front of it keep the lung further away from these structures
What are the surface markings for the apex of the lung
Curved line from the sternoclavicular joint to 3cm above the junction between the medial 1/3 and the middle 1/3 of the clavicle
What is the surface anatomy for the anterior border of the lung?
Sternoclavicular joint to the xiphisternal joint behind the lateral border of the sternum (left lung deviates laterally from the sternum at the 4th costal cartilage to form the cardiac notch
What is the surface anatomy for the inferior border of the lung
Line drawn between 6th rib MCL, 8th rib MAL and 10th rib vertebral column
What is the surface anatomy of the posterior border of the lung?
Transverse process of C7 to T10
What is the surface anatomy for the hilum of the lung?
Opposite T5, T6 and T7
What is the surface anatomy for the carina of the lungs?
At the level of T4W
How many bronchopulmonary segments are there is each lung?
10
Describe the course of a clot from deep veins of the calf to pulmonary artery
Popliteal vein > femoral vein > EIV > CIV > IVC > right atrium > AV valve > pulmonary valve > pulmonary artery
What is the nerve supply of the intercostal muscles?
intercostal nerve and their collateral branches
What are the branches of the aortic arch?
Right brachiocephalic artery
- right subclavian artery
- right common carotid artery
left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery
WHat is subclavian steal syundrome?
Retrograde flow of blood flow down the vertebral artery due to stenoocclusive disease in the subclavian artery proximal to the vertebral artery. This leads to brainstem ischaemia on arm exercise
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
compression of the neurovascular bundle (brachial plexus and subclavian artery) between the scalenus medius and scalenus anterior causing neurological and vascular symptoms in the arm
where is the correct insertion site for a chest drain?
5th intercostal space in the mid axillary line
