Lung sounds and borders Flashcards
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Added Sounds
Wheezing Ronchi Crackles Stridor Pleural friction rubs
Diffuse wheeze
Asthma or COPD
Local wheeze
Bronchial obstruction
Ronchi
Chronic bronchitis
Low pitched sound caused by secretions
Crackles/crepitations basics
The sound of opening of collapsed airway or alveoli
Atelectasis, pulmonary edema, ILD
Course crackles
Long and low pitch
Indicates airway disease
Fine crackles
Short, high pitched
Hallmark of chronic bronchitis
Early inspiratory and expiratory fine crackles
Stridor
Entirely or predominantly inspiratory wheeze that indicates partial obstruction of larynx/trachea
Pleural fiction rubs
Indicate roughening of pleural surfaces
Lung tumors, pleuritis
Vesicular breath sounds
Soft, low-pitched
I>E
Bronchial breath sounds
Loud, high-pitched
E>I
Bronchovesicular sounds
Intermediate
I=E
Tracheal sounds
Very loud, high pitched
I=E
Bronchophony: Increased transmission
Airless lungs; pneumonia, edema
Bronchophony: Decreased transmission
Pneumothorax
Ratio of inspiration/expiration
Normally inspiration is longer than expiration
Prolonged expiration
Narrowing of lower airways (asthma)
Asymmetric expansion
Pleural space filled with air or fluid
Tactile fremitus; decreased
Pleural effusion, fibrosis, ptx, infiltrating tumor
Tactile fremitus; increased
Consolidation (lobar pneumonia)
Upper lung border
2-4 cm above inner 1/3rd of the clavicle
Lower lung border crossings
- 6th rib midclavicular line
- 8th rib midaxillary line
- 9th rib scapular line
Lower lung border location
Lies at the level of 10-11 T
