Lung Pathology Flashcards
what are the changes in lobar pneumonia
consolidation of the affected part and filling of alveolar spaces. the whole lobe is affected at the same time. blood vessels surrounding capillaries are dilated due to inflammatory response, leading to release of neutrophils, along with fibrin and fluid, into the alveolar spaces- this is a sign of an acute inflammatory response
where does mesothelioma occur in the lung?
pleural
what are pathology in the lower airways
pneumonia, abscess, emphysema, asbestosis, adenocarcinoma
exudate
fluid containing proteins i.e. fibrin. it is the technical name for puss
types of
lobar and bronchopneumonia
what is the most common pathogen causing peunomia
streptococcus pneumonia
what is the most common pathogen causing peunomia
streptococcus pneumonia
what are the stages of lobar pneumonia
congestion: lung is red, fluid in alveoli
red hepatisation: texture of fresh liver, RBC and fibrin fill alveoli
grey hepatisation: lung cooked liver, macrophages and lymphocytes in alveoli
resolution: lung to normal, purulent exudate removed
what is bronchopneumonia
whole lobe is not consolidated, rather there are patches of infection and puss
what is dyspnoea
impairment of gas exchange, which leads to difficulty breathing
what does suppurative exudate lead to
cough and mucopurulent sputum
what is an abscess
severe infection due to localised puss, causing destruction of underlying tissue. wound healing around the outside to seal off abcess to stop spreading to surrounding tissue
what is haemorrhage
bleeding in tissue
atypical pneumonia
interstitial tissue that surround the alveoli, impairing gas exchange and reducing lung capacity. leads to dry and unproductive cough (no puss)
what is pulmonary embolism
lodging of emboli in the lung. most commonly from venous thrombosis from lower extremities (i.e. DVT). often they are small and there are multiple emboli
