Lung Flash Cards - Congenital Anomalies

Question 1

What is the most common congential lesion of the lung?

Answer 1

Pulmonary Hypoplasia

Question 2

What are the three factors that contribute to pulmonary hypoplasia?

Answer 2

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Oligohydraminos, Decreased Respiration

Question 3

How does Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia lead to Pulm. Hypo.?

Answer 3

Organs herniate thru diaphragm and compress the lung

Question 4

What is oligohydramnios?

Answer 4

Inadequate amniotic fluid volume

Question 5

How does decreased respiration lead to hypoplastic lungs?

Answer 5

Less breathing = less lung stretching

Question 6

Bronchiolar epithelium is shown below with multiple glandlike spaces. This biopsy is from one lobe of a 2 year old who was experiencing respiratory distress and cyanosis. What is the Dx?

Answer 6

Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation

Question 7

An asymptomatic mass was seen in the chest xray of the mediastinum of a newborn. The mass has potential to obstruct the infants airways. What is the Dx?

Answer 7

Bronchogenic Cyst

Question 8

An asymptomatic newborn is taken home. In the following days, the patient had dyspnea and cyanosis. A mass was found, excised, and shown below. The mass was supplied by an aberrant artery from the aorta. What is your Dx? What type of Syx would’ve been found in an older individual?

Answer 8

Extralobar Sequestration; Recurrent bronchopulmonary infections

Question 9

A patient has a growth resected that had grown within the visceral lung pleura and supplied by an abarrent artery. The lesion is shown below. What is your Dx? Where does it normally occur within the lung? Describe its appearance. Clinical presentation?

Answer 9

Intralobar sequestration; Unilateral lower lobe; Endstage fibrosis, Honeycomb cystic changes; Cough, sputum