Lung Cancer

Question 1

Lung cancer

Answer 1

malignant tumour of lungs

Question 2

types

Answer 2

small cell

non-small cell:
squamous
adenocarcinoma
large cell

Question 3

small cell lung cancer

Answer 3

most common cancer

associations:
associated with smoking

associated with all para-neoplastic syndromes except PTH

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic syndrome - weakness and hypereflexia, Calcium channel antibodies seen

Pancoast tumour - located at apex of lungs

hyponatraemia

findings:
central hilar region

Question 4

squamous cell lung cancer

Answer 4

associations:
with PTH and hypercalcaemia

findings:
cavitating central lesion

Question 5

adenocarcinoma lung cancer

Answer 5

most common cancer associated with non-smokers
common is asian women
gynaecomastia common

Question 6

signs

Answer 6

cough
haemoptysis
dyspnoea
weight loss
chest pain
vomiting
clubbing

symptoms linked to local compression:
Horner's syndrome 
dysphagia
hoarseness
superior vena cava syndrome

Question 7

investigations

Answer 7

x-ray/CT
bronchoscopy with biopsy
PET

Question 8

management

Answer 8

small cell:
chemotherapy

non-small cell:
surgical, chemo, radical radiotherapy

Question 9

contraindications for surgery

Answer 9

SVO
malignant pleural effusion
status of general health

Question 10

what are the common paraneoplastic syndromes that develop

Answer 10

SVO
laryngeal nerve compression
phrenic nerve compression
horner's 
ectopic PTH
ectopic ADH
lambort eaton syndrome