Lung Abscess Flashcards
Lung abscesses can be single or multiple but usually
are marked by a single dominant cavity of how large (cm)?
> 2 cm in diameter
More common type of lung abscess. Primary or Secondary?
Lung abscesses are usually characterized as either primary (~80% of cases) or secondary.
major risk factor for primary
lung abscesses
aspiration
Pathogenic organism involved in Lung abscesses which arise from septic emboli, in tricuspid valve
endocarditis
Staphylococcus aureus
Pathogenic organism involved in Lung abscesses in Lemierre’s syndrome, in which an infection begins in the pharynx
Fusobacterium necrophorum
most common locations of primary lung abscesses, given the predisposition of aspirated materials to be deposited in these areas.
posterior upper lobes and superior lower lobe
When no pathogen is isolated from a primary lung abscess (which is the case as often as 40% of the time), the abscess is termed as what?
nonspecific lung abscess
For primary lung abscesses, the recommended regimens are
clindamycin (600 mg
IV three times daily; then, with the disappearance of fever and clinical improvement, 300 mg PO four times daily
OR
IV-administered 921
β-lactam/β-lactamase combination, followed—once the patient’s
condition is stable—by orally administered amoxicillin-clavulanate.
Treatment duration of primary lung abscesses
3–4 weeks to as long as 14 weeks
An abscess >____cm in diameter is
less likely to respond to antibiotic therapy without additional interventions.
> 6-8 cm
Higher Mortality rate? Primary or Secondary LA?
Reported mortality rates for primary abscesses have been as low as 2%,
while rates for secondary abscesses are generally higher—as high as
75%
Not a poor prognostic factor for LA
a. age of >60,
b. the presence of aerobic bacteria,
c. sepsis at presentation,
d. symptom duration of less than 8 weeks
e. abscess size of >6 cm.
age of >60, the presence of aerobic bacteria, sepsis at presentation, symptom
duration of >8 weeks, and abscess size of >6 cm.
