Lung Flashcards
PA
98% of dx
Lateral chest
Sternum
Isolation to see hiatal hernia
Heart shadow is on
The Left
Right side
3 lobes
Upper lobe = apex to bronchus
Middle lobe = bronchus to cardiophrenic angle
Lower lobe = everything below cardiophrenic angle
Left side - 2 lobes
Left upper lobe = apex to cardiophrenic angle
Lower lobe = cardiophrenic angle to below
Start above clavicels and compare
Side to side
If one side white and one side dark white side is the problem - 2 possibilities
Pneumoia
Pancoast tumor
White density goes well below clavicle with a straight line across
Productive cough (rusty brown sputum) for approx 10 days
Fever or recent hospital visit
Pneumonia
White density with no shape
Associated with horner’s syndrome. Interruption of cervical sympathetics
Pancoast tumor
Horner’s syndrome
Ptosis
Anhydrosis
Meiosis
If missing vascular markings on both sides
Emphysema
Radiographic findings emphysema
Bilateral darkened lung fields Horizontal ribs Stove pipe heart Flattening of the diaphragmatic domes Obliteration of the cardiophrenic angles
Go to area of bronchi
Unilateral whitening and enlargement
Pneumonia
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Consolidation of the lung
Pneumonia
Has shape or go to case hx if no shape
Pt presents with productive cough for around 10 days and fever
Possible visit to hospital
Pneumonia
No shape, so look at case hx - usually older
Long-term history of smoking (20-30 years)
Pt presents with coughing (non-productive) more than 30 days
Afebrile
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Occasionally blood in cough
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Bilateral whitening and enlargemnt on each side of bronchus
Sarcoidosis
Unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Well-circumscribed cannonball lesions
Pulmonary mets
Tiny white spots throughout the lung
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis case management
Refer to authorities - CDC
Pt presents with low-grade fever, night sweats, productive cough (yellow-green sputum)
Tuberculosis
Small white lesions called Ghon lesions seen on x-ray
TB
Postiive Tine test/Mantoux test
Purified protein derivative (PPD)
Just got back to states from 3rd world country
TB
If heart shadow is larger than half the size of the chest
Cardiomegaly
Gastric air bubble should be below level diaphragm, if not
Hiatal hernia
Pt presents with gas, heartburn and indigestion
Hiatal hernia
Vascular markings absent on one side
Pneumothorax
Atelectasis
Go to side of bronchus darker in color
No vascular markings on the darker side
Pneumothorax on that side
Go to side of the bronchus that is darker in color
Vascular markings on this side then the opposite side is the problem
Atelectasis
