lu4 p2

Question 1

2 ty
pes of fishing techniques

Answer 1

1. Non-destructive
2. Destructive

Almost all non-destructive techniques could fall into destructive category, especially when they are not carried in a proper manner

Question 2

3 types of non destructive fishing techniques

Answer 2

1.Recreational Fishing
2.Subsistence Fishing
3.Commercial Fishing

Question 3

Recreational Fishing (non destructive)

Answer 3

• Hook & Line
• Coastal, deep sea, pond, “fishing shop”
• For leisure, family and friends week ends and holiday activity
• Annual competition e.g ‘Pertandingan Memancing Joran’, Bill Fishing Festival

Question 4

Subsistence Fishing (non destructive)

how, where, for what, example

Answer 4

• Hook and line, cast net, gill net, manual harvesting of shellfish & seaweed-hand gathering/collection
• River, river mouth / estuary, coastal area
• Small scale: for domestic consumption or small side income or both
  example: Seaweed = hand gathering / collection

Question 5

Commercial Fishing (non destructive)

for what, provides what to who? how (what conditions)

Answer 5

• The activity of catching fish + other seafood from wild sources for commercial profit
• Fishing far into the ocean under adverse conditions
• It provides a large quantity of food to many countries around the world

Large scale commercial fishing = industrial fishing

Question 6

Large scale commercial fishing = industrial fishing meaning

harvest…

Answer 6

Harvest a wide variety of animals especially large and important fisheries worldwide for various species of fish e.g. sardines, anchovy, tuna, crabs, lobster, cod, flounder, herrings, etc.

Question 7

6 methods used are very efficient:

Answer 7

1. Large nets
2. trawl
3. seine nets
4. dredges
5. gill nets
6. traps

Question 8

Factory ships are

Answer 8

a large ocean-going vessel with extensive fish processing facilities for processing and freezing fish caught ….

Question 9

Destructive fishing techniques meaning

Answer 9

Practices that result in irreversible damage to aquatic habitats and ecosystems

1. Indiscriminately kill large numbers of fish and other marine organisms in the vicinity
2. Damage or destroy the environment

Question 10

3 examples of destructive fishing techniques

Answer 10

1. dynamite or blast fishing
2. bottom trawling
3. cyanide fishing

Question 11

Dynamite/ blast fishing meaning

Answer 11

using an explosive device that kills many fishes and other creatures under the sea

Question 12

Bottom trawling meaning

Answer 12

involves dragging a large net along the ocean floor to catch fish and other marine species living near the seabed

Question 13

Cyanide fishing meaning

Answer 13

• Potassium cyanide is squirted directly at target fish species (e.g. grouper, Napoleon wrasse, etc.)
• paralyzing them and enabling them to be collected alive
• The cyanide then gets in to currents, it will travel along a reef wall, killing coral and wreaking havoc on marine life

Question 14

Destructive fishing is common practice especially in poor and developing countries. Is it true? Why?

Answer 14

yes.

• Weak Regulation and Enforcement: Some developing countries lack robust fisheries management regulations and enforcement, leading to overexploitation, illegal fishing, and unchecked use of destructive techniques.
• Limited Education and Awareness: In certain areas, communities may lack awareness of the long-term impact of destructive fishing. Limited education and awareness programs contribute to the persistence of harmful techniques.
• Poverty-Driven Practices: Poverty and food insecurity in communities can prioritize short-term gains over long-term sustainability, prompting engagement in destructive fishing practices that jeopardize fisheries and ecosystems.