LTA-only questions Flashcards
To properly purge water from the fuel system of an aircraft equipped with fuel tank sumps and a fuel strainer quick drain, it is necessary to drain fuel from the
fuel strainer drain and the fuel tank sumps
The part of a balloon that bears the entire load is the
load tapes (or cords)
In hot air balloons, propane is preferred to butane or other hydrocarbons because it
has a lower boiling point (-44 F)
The initial temperature at which propane boils is
-44 F
On cold days, it may be necessary to preheat the propane tanks because
the temperature of the liquid propane controls the burner pressure during combustion
When ample liquid propane is available, propane will vaporize sufficiently to provide proper operation between the temperatures of
+30 F and +90 F
If ample propane is available, within which temperature range will propane vaporize sufficiently to provide enough pressure for burner operation during flight?
30 to 90 F
The valve located on the top of the propane tank which opens automatically when the pressure in the tank exceeds maximum allowable pressure is the
pressure relief valve
The valve located on each tank that indicates when the tank is filled to 80 percent capacity is the
vapor-bleed valve (spit tube)
The lifting forces which act on a hot air balloon are primarily the result of the interior air temperature being
greater than the ambient air temp
Burner efficiency of a hot air balloon decreases approximately what percent for each 1,000 ft above MSL?
4%
While in flight, ice beings forming on the outside of the fuel tank in use This would most likely be caused by
vaporized fuel instead of liquid fuel being drawn from the tank into the main burner
For what reason is methanol added to the propane fuel of hot air balloons?
As an anti-icing additive
On a balloon equipped with a blast valve, the blast valve is used for
altitude control
The term “weigh-off” means to determine the
static equilibrium of the balloon as loaded for flight
What causes false lift which sometimes occurs during launch procedures?
Venturi effect of the wind on the envelope
What is the relationship of false lift with the wind?
False lift decreases as the wind accelerates the balloon.
What would cause a gas balloon to start a descent if a cold air mass is encountered and the envelope becomes cooled?
The contraction of the gas. As the gas is cooled, it contracts and becomes more dense and so displaces less air.
Under which condition will an airship float in the air?
When buoyant force equals the difference between airship weight and the weight of the air volume being displaced.
Durin flight in an airship, when is vertical equilibrium established?
When buoyancy equals airship weight
An airship descending through a steep temperature inversion will
become progressively lighter, thus becoming increasingly more difficult to drive down
What is airship superheat?
The difference between the outside air temperature and the temperature inside the envelope
In relation to the operation of an airship, what is the definition of aerostatics?
The gravitational factors involving equilibrium of a body freely suspended in the atmosphere
Below pressure height, each 5 F of positive superheat amounts to approximately
1% of gross lift
When the airship is at pressure height and superheat increases, constant pressure must be maintained by valving
gas from the envelope
How does the pilot know when pressure height has been reached?
The liquid in the gas manometer will rise and the liquid in the air manometer will fall below normal levels
The pressure height of an airship is the altitude at which
the ballonet(s) would be empty
The maximum altitude that a rigid airship can reach (under a given atmospheric condition) and then return safely to the surface is determined by
pressure altitude
An unbalanced condition of an airship in flight must be overcome by
a negative or a positive dynamic force
Air damper valves should normally be kept closed during climbs because any air forced into the system would
increase the amount of air to be exhausted, resulting in a lower rate of ascent
To check the gas pressures (pressure height) of an airship during a climb, the air damper valves should be
closed.
What condition does a rising barometer indicate for balloon operations?
Decreasing clouds and wind.
Why should propane tanks not be refueled in a closed trailer or truck?
Propane vapor is one and one-half times heavier than air and will linger in the floor of the truck or trailer.
Why should special precautions be taken when filling the propane bottles?
Propane vapor is super-cold and may cause severe freeze burns.
All fuel tanks should be fired during preflight to determine
the burner pressure and condition of the valves
What is a recommended ascent upon initial launch?
A moderate-rate ascent to determine wind directions at different levels
What is a potential hazard when climbing at maximum rate?
Deflation ports may be forced open
How should a roundout from a moderate-rate ascent to level flight be made?
Reduce the amount of heat gradually as the balloon is approaching altitude
What is one procedure for relighting the burner while in flight?
Open another tank valve, open the regulator or blast valve, and light the main jets with reduced flow.
The windspeed is such that it is necessary to deflate the envelope as rapidly as possible during a landing. When should the deflatin port (rip panel) be opened?
Just prior to ground contact.
When landing a free balloon, what should the occupants do to minimize landing shock?
Stand with knees slightly bent, in the center of the gondola, facing the direction of the movement.
Prior to a high-wind landing, the pilot in command should brief the passengers to prepare for the landing by
crouching while hanging on in two places, and remaining in the basket until advised otherwise.
Which precaution should be exercised if confronted with the necessity of having to land a balloon when the air is turbulent?
Land in the center of the largest availble field.
What action is most appropriate when an envelope over-temperature condition occurs?
Lad as soon as practical.
In addition to the required documents, what carry-on equipment should be accounted for during preflight?
Two means of burner ignition.
How should a balloon fuel system be checked for leaks prior to flight?
Listen and smell.
In a balloon, best fuel economy in level flight can be accomplished by
short blasts of heat at high frequency.
The minimum size a launch site should be is at least
100 feet for every knot of wind.
What is a hazard of rapid descents?
The pilot light cannot remain lit with the turbulent air over the basket.
It may be possible to make changes in the direction of flight in a hot air balloon by
operating at different flight altitudes.
What action should be taken if a balloon encounters unforecast weather and shifts direction abruptly while in the vicinity of a thunderstorm?
Land immediately.
To land an airship that is 250 pounds heavy when the wind is calm, the best landing can usually be made if the airship is
tail heavy approximately 20 degrees.
Which takeoff procedure is considered to be most hazardous for an airship?
Maintaining a negative angle of inclination during takeoff after elevator response is adequate for controllability.
Which action is necessary in order to perform a normal descent in an airship?
Valve gas.
If an airship should experience failure of both engines during flight and neither engine can be restarted, what initial immediate action must the pilot take?
Immediate preparations to operate the airship as a free balloon are necessary.
Prior to becoming certified as a private pilot with a balloon rating, the pilot must have in his or her possession what class of medical?
A medical certificate is not required.
Pre-takeoff briefing of passengers for a flight is the responsibility of
the pilot.
