LT#1: States and Kinetic Molecular Theory Flashcards
Describe the structure of solids
Particles locked in crystal lattice by IMFs
Describe the properties of solids
- Constant shape
- Constant Volume
- Almost incompressible
Describe the particle motion in solids
Vibrational motion only
Describe the structure of liquids
Particles are able to slide over and past one another. Temporary IMFs
Describe the properties of liquids
- Variable shape
- Constant Volume
- Almost incompressible
Describe the particle motion in liquids
Vibrational and Rotational motion
Describe the structure of gases
Particles are independent and move freely. No IMFs
Describe the particle motion in gases
Vibrational, Rotational and Translational motion
Describe the properties of gases
- Variable shape
- Variable Volume
- Compressible
Name the two factors that affect the state of a compound
Intermolecular forces the compound can make and temperature.
How do IMF’s affect the state of a compound?
The stronger the force a compound can make, the more locked in position particles are in relation to each other. This makes the substance more likely a solid at room temperature.
How does temperature affect the state of a compound?
Increasing temp provides the particles with more energy (motion). If enough energy is gained, IMFs get broken and the substance changes state.
What are the 5 statements of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases?
- The volume of a gas is negligible. A gas will expand to fill its container.
- There are no intermolecular forces between gas molecules.
- Gas molecules move randomly, in all directions, in straight lines.
- Collisions between molecules and the container are perfectly elastic.
- The average kinetic energy of a gas is directly related to temperature.
