LSA Flashcards
What are some general requirements under for life saving equipments under the LSA Code?
- Be of high quality workmanship and materials.
- Have expiry dates labeled on them.
- Remain undamaged while stowed between temperatures -30C and +65C.
- Personal LSA operational within temperatures -15C and +40C.
- Function in seawater temperatures of -1C and +30C.
- Resistant to rot, corrosion, determination.
- Be colored reddish orange.
- Marked with approval information.
What are the total abandonment times listed in SOLAS?
Under SOLAS Ch.III:
- Passenger Vessels possible within 30 minutes of abandon ship signal.
- Cargo Vessels possible within 10 minutes of abandon ship signal.
What party determines the expiry dates of each item of LSA?
The Flag State.
What are the four types of life buoys?
- Lifebuoys with self-igniting lights
- Lifebuoys with combined self-igniting light and self-activating smoke signal (MOB Lifebuoys)
- Lifebuoys with buoyant line
- Lifebuoys without any of the above
What are some general requirements of a Lifebuoy?
- Color
- Material
- Construction
- Drop Height
- Mass
- Grab Line
- Dimensions
- Strength
- Color should be reddish orange
- Fitted with four retro reflectors
- Constructed of Buoyant material
- Withstand a drop of 30 meters or height of stowage to waterline.
- Mass more than 2.5KG (MOB 4.0KG)
- More than 9.5mm and length is more than 4 times the diameter of the buoy.
- Inner Diameter more than 400mm, Outer diameter less than 800mm.
- Should Support more than 14.5KG of iron in fresh water for 24HRS.
How are Lifebuoys distributed?
- Easily Accessible
- Evenly Distributed on each side.
- Nothing should impede their use.
- One lifebuoy near the stern.
How are Lifebuoys labeled?
- In Block Capitals
- Vessel’s Name
- Vessel’s Port of Registry
How many Lifebuoys must be equipped with self-igniting lights? And how many with smoke signals?
- At least half with self-igniting lights
- Two with smoke signals (Port & Stbd) on the bridge.
Requirements for the self-igniting lights on a Lifebuoy?
- Not extinguishable by water
- Shine a continuous, white, all-round light not less than two candelas
- if flashing, then at a rate of 50-70 flashes per minute.
Requirements of self-activating smoke signal on a Lifebuoy?
- Emit reddish orange smoke for a period more than 15 minutes.
- Not explode or emit fire.
- Continue to emit when submerged for at least 10s.
What are some requirements of the Lifebuoy lifeline?
- Non-Kinking
- Minimum Diameter of 8mm
- length is twice the height of its stowage point to the waterline in ballast condition, or 30 meters. Whichever is larger.
- Should be arranged without tangles
Minimum Number of Lifebuoys for a passenger vessel?
- Under 60 = 8 (at least 6 self igniting)
- 60 and under 120 = 12
- 120 and under 180 = 18
- 180 and under 240 = 24
- 240 and above = 30
Minimum number of Lifebuoys on a cargo vessel?
- Under 100m = 8
- 100 and under 150 = 10
- 150 and under 200 = 12
- 200 and above = 14
How often should the inspection of Lifebuoys be carried out?
- Weekly.
- After periods of heavy weather.
What are some routine checks for the Lifebuoy?
- Damage
- Water Accumulation
- Markings
- Expiry Dates (light and smoke)
- Stowage (Easy to remove)
- Buoyant Lifeline (No damage or Knots)
- Retro-Reflective Tape
- Signage (Placed near Lifebuoy)
- Record Keeping
What is the main goal of the Lifejacket as per the LSA code?
- Provide buoyancy
- Enhance visibility of wearer
- Lift mouth of an exhausted, unconscious person clear of water.
- Returning them to stable, face-up position.
What are some general requirements of the lifejacket as per the LSA code?
- Buoyancy
- Visibility
- Parts
- Markings
- Donning
- Buoyancy not reduced by more than 5% after 24HRS in freshwater.
- High-Visibility reddish orange with retro reflective tape
- Whistle
- Buoyant Lifeline
- Straps & Handles
- White Light not less than 0.75 candelas and last more than 8HRS. If flashing, then 50-70 flashes per minute with a switch.
- Marked with Size, Accreditation mark, weight rating, serial number, date of manufacturing, the word “FRONT”.
- Donned in one way, if donned incorrectly it shouldn’t harm the wearer. Donned within one minute.
In how many sizes are lifejackets manufactured? What are their weights and heights?
Four.
Infant
- Under 15KG
- Less than 100cm
Child
- Over 15KG under 43KG
- More than 100cm Less than 155cm
Adult
- Over 43KG under 140KG
- Over 155cm
Oversized
- Over 140KG
Carriage Requirements for Lifejackets onboard Cargo Ships?
- One for each person onboard
- Sufficient number for those on watch (Bridge, E/R and anywhere permanently manned)
What are inflatable lifejackets? How do they work?
They’re used during work activities because they’re more mobile, and carried on rescue boats.
Small CO2 cylinders inflate the chambers that automatically activate when the wearer enters water. It uses a salt cartridge that dissolves when immersed in water and releases the firing pin.
How often should you inspect the lifejackets onboard?
- Weekly
- Monthly
- Annually
What are some weekly checks of the lifejackets?
- Location and Signage
- Quantity
Inflatable Lifejackets:
- Gas Cartridge is Full
- Accessibility of Pull Cord
What are some monthly checks of the lifejackets?
- Expiry Date (Light)
- Wearability (Donning Once)
- Functionality (Light & Whistle)
- No Wear and Tear
How often should inflatable lifejackets serviced?
At intervals not exceeding 12 months. At an approved service station.
Difference between lifejacket and buoyancy aid?
Lifejackets are designed to life the mouth of an exhausted, unconscious wearer clear of the water.
Buoyancy aid will keep the body afloat but won’t prevent the person from resting face down.
What is the purpose of the immersion suit, anti-exposure suit, and thermal protective aids?
Protect survivors from exposure to hypothermia.
Can you wear an immersion suit, anti-exposure suit, or thermal protective aids without lifejackets?
No, unless the suits are designed to be worn without a lifejacket.
What are some requirements of the immersion suit?
- Minimize free air and prevent water from entering
- Buoyancy not reduced by more than 5% after 2 HRS in water.
- Buoyant Line
- Insulation doesn’t fall more than 2C after 6HRS in 0-2C water
- Donned without assistance in less than 2 Minutes.
- Lifting Straps
What are some requirements of an anti-exposure suit?
- At least 70N of buoyancy
- Pockets for VHF radio
- Fully waterproof
- Full Coverage except face and feet
- Allow wearer to swim 25 meters
- Donned in less than 2 minutes
- It will turn the wearer to face up in 5 seconds
What are some requirements of the thermal protective aid (TPAs)?
- Reduce heat loss from body
- Covers whole body except face
- Work in temperatures of -30C to 20C
What are the carriage requirements for immersion suits, anti-exposure suits, and thermal protective aids for cargo ships?
Immersion Suit: One for every person onboard. Additional for any watch or workstations.
Anti-Exposure Suit: As an alternative to immersion suits. One for every person onboard. Additional for any watch or workstations.
Thermal Protective Aids: 10% of capacity of survival craft, or two, whichever is greater.
How often should you inspect and service immersion suit, anti-exposure suits, and thermal protective aids onboard?
- Monthly
- Three Yearly (Unless they’re 10 years old, then annually)
What are some monthly checks for the immersion suits, anti-exposure suits, and thermal protective aids?
- Marking and Signage
- Visual Inspection (No damage)
- Storage (Easy Access, Away from Water)
- Cleanliness
- Seals, Zips, and Closure Devices
- Retro-Reflective Tapes
- Bag
- Logs & Documentation
What are the different types of lifeboats?
- Partially Enclosed
- Fully Enclosed
- Freefall
- With self-contained air support (chemical and gas tankers)
- With sprinkler system
(Oil, chemical & gas tankers)
How long is a self contained air support system in a lifeboat supposed to last?
Not less than 10 minutes.
How long should a sprinkler system protect the personnel when a fire envelops the lifeboat?
Not less than 8 minutes.
What are some general requirements of the lifeboat?
- Visible reddish orange color
- White light lasting 12 hours, flashing at a rate of 50-70 per minute
- Max capacity of 150 seated people.
- Boarding ladder, lowest step not less than 0.4 m from water
- Hatches openable from inside & outside.
- Buoyant lifelines around the lifeboat
- A painter line near the bow
- Made of Fire-retardant and non-combustible material
- A Drain Valve
- Minimum length of 7.3
What are the requirements of a lifeboat propulsion?
- Manual starting/power starting system with two independent rechargeable energy sources
- Start at -15C within 2 Minutes.
- Operate no less than 5 minutes after starting from cold
- Enable speed of 6 knots & 2 knots when towing
- Have a back-up steering method
What are the markings that need to be on the lifeboat as per SOLAS?
- Capacity
- Name
- Port of Registry
- Ship’s Callsign
What are some equipments that all lifeboats must carry?
- Oars
- Two Buckets
- Survival Manual
- Operational Compass
- Sea Anchor
- Food Rations 10,000KJ per person
- Drinking Water 3L per person
- 6 Hand Flares
- 4 Rocket Parachute Flares
- 2 Buoyant Smoke Signals
- First Aid Kit
- Anti-Sickness Tablets
- 2 Portable Fire Extinguishers
What is the procedure of an off-load launching of a lifeboat?
1- Boat is lowered to the waterline
2- Water enters the chamber and the pressure lifts the rubber diaphragm.
3- The diaphragm moving releases the lock from the release mechanism, allowing the release lever to be pulled.
4- Pulling the release lever releases the hooks.
5- Lifeboat is disconnected from the falls and can move away.
When should you use on-load launching of a lifeboat? And how is it timed?
When severe circumstances like heavy weather.
It should be timed with the crest of a wave.
What is the process of an on-load launching of a lifeboat?
1-The lifeboat is lowered towards the waterline.
2- The hydrostatic interlock is bypassed/removed.
3- As the lifeboat is lifted by a bypassing wave, the release lever is to be pulled to release the hook. It should be timed perfectly to allow the diaphragm to full rise allowing the disconnection of the falls.
4- the lifeboat is released into the water and can move away from the vessel.
How often is a lifeboat inspected?
- Weekly
- Monthly
- Three Monthly
What are the weekly checks of a lifeboat?
- Visually inspected
Condition of Hooks & Release Gear Reset - Engine Run for 3 Minutes testing forward and astern
- Moved from stowed position
What are the monthly checks of a lifeboat?
- Visually Inspect it
- Inspect the launching appliances
- Moved from stowed position
- Lowered to water
- Battery Operational
- Search Lights Operational
What are the three monthly procedures for checking the davit and free fall lifeboat?
- Davit lifeboat should launched and maneuvered in water.
- Free Fall: Crew must board and do a full procedure up to but not include the actual release.
- Water Spray system must be tested
How often must a davit and free fall lifeboat by launched and maneuvered?
Davit: Once every 3 months
Freefall: Once every 6 months (can be extended to every 12 months if there is simulated launching)
How often is a load test for a lifeboat?
5 years.
Which MGN is for guidance on lifeboat maintenance and information?
MGN 560
