LS

Question 1

Hardware

Answer 1

The collection of physical components attached to or forming part of the computer system

Question 2

Software

Answer 2

The collection of nonphysical parts of the system (OS, Application Program, Data)

Question 3

Interdependency between H and S

Answer 3

Hardware needs software to tell it what to do and software needs hardware to perform its tasks.

Question 4

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Answer 4

It is a component that performs tasks at a high speed commonly called a processor
Consists of:
Arithmetic logic unit ALU
Control unit CU
Registers

Question 5

Operating System

Answer 5

A collection of many programs that manages the hardware that allows the user to run software applications

Question 6

Desktop OS

Answer 6

Supports hardware functions and acts as an interface between application programs and the computer hardware. (Windows, Linux, Mac OS)

Question 7

Mobile OS

Answer 7

Designed to run on mobile devices by using limited resources of the mobile more efficiently (Android, iOS, KitKat, Oreo)

Question 8

Embedded OS

Answer 8

It is a specialised OS for use in the computers built into larger systems and it is typically more compact than desktop OS (Linux, iOS)

Question 9

Application Software

Answer 9

It carries out tasks for computer users, such as allowing them to create documents etc

Question 10

Stand alone or Desktop application

Answer 10

It runs on a computer without any need to interact with any other software (Microsoft Word)

Question 11

Network application

Answer 11

It is designed to run on multiple devices that are connected via a network, usually the internet

Question 12

Synchronization

Answer 12

The process where the data on the desktop and mobile device is consistent

Question 13

The motherboard

Answer 13

It is the large printed circuit board that houses the essential electronic components of a device.

Question 14

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Answer 14

This is an electronic circuit, made up of combinations of logic gates that perform simple arithmetic on integer binary numbers.

Question 15

Control Unit

Answer 15

This component is the co-ordinator of program instructions sent to by the processor

Question 16

Registers

Answer 16

Small holding places that store processed instructions by the CPU.

Question 17

RAM

Answer 17

It is the primary storage and is non volatile ( the content within this device is constantly changing ).
DRAM - constantly refreshing.

Question 18

ROM

Answer 18

It is a non - volatile memory chip that can be used to permanently store data in computers and other electronic devices.
EEPROM - robotics controller used to change data to perform a different task.

Question 19

Firmware

Answer 19

A set of instructions programmed on a hardware device.

Question 20

BIOS

Answer 20

It is a non-volatile firmware used to initialize hardware when the computer starts up.

Question 21

Hybrid drive

Answer 21

It is when an HDD is joined with a high speed flash memory using SSD technology on the same drive. Benefits efficiency and cost

Question 22

Scanner

Answer 22

An input device that analyses an image and converts it into a file.

Question 23

Biometrics

Answer 23

A way of uniquely recognising humans based on their physical characteristics such as fingerprints or retina scans.

Question 24

Sensor

Answer 24

It is a device that converts a real life property into data that a computer can process by converting a physical.parameter into an electronic signal.
E.g. Accelerometer