LR Flashcards
If the statements above are true
MBT
The statements above, if true
MBT
If the information above is correct
MBT
Which of the following must also be true
MBT
Which one of the following conclusions can be properly drawn on the basis of it
MBT
Which one of the following can be properly inferred
MBT
Which of the following can be properly inferred from the statements
MBT
The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following
Strongly Support
Which one of the following statements is most supported by the information above?
Strongly Support
The statements provide the most support for which one of the following?
Strongly Support
Debate - Controversy
Stimulus Types + Design Pair
Most people with low energy don’t eat enough. If people eat enough, they will not have low energy.
Argument - LOOPHOLE
Premise Set - Inference
Stimulus Type + Design Pair
Paradox - Resolution
Stimulus Type + Design Pair
One member of the soccer team is really bad at kicking the ball. The whole team must suck.
Argument - LOOPHOLE (Flaw)
My dog who is a terrior has a loud bark. All other dogs also have loud barks
Overgeneralization (Flaw)
A survey determining IF college students enjoy frat part’s was conducted using only active sorority members as participants, 98% enjoy.
Survey (Flaw)
Group A (babies) listened to parents commands to sit. Group B (dog) didn’t listen to parents commands to sit. Babies follow directions better than dogs.
False Starts (Flaw)
Identify the conclusion (underline it) + relevant premises
Flaw Question
Premise
Premise (flaw)
—————-
Conclusion (might not be true, even if the premises are true).
The premise does NOT prove the conclusion
Flaw Question
vulnerable to critism
Flaw Question
takes for granted
Flaw Question
“correlation” , “the cause” “questionable” , “may be a contributing factor”
- often the medical themed Q’s
- switching cause and effect.
Causation Flaw
When it’s not possible to do both.
It’s possible that you don’t do either.
-Nature vs. Nuture arguments
“only” —-> is it the only choice
Exclusivity Flaw
converse + inverse, sufficient + neccessary
Conditional Flaw
They use the same word twice but with 2 different meanings.
Ex: Can we afford to do this… Well we can’t afford not.
consistent + accurate
Equivocation “equating” Flaw
People are not representative
Small Survey’s
Sampling Flaw
the things you are comparing.
-Open to challenges / inher. invalid
Comparison Flaw
You can’t deny something bc of who said it
Ad Hominem Flaw
You can’t fake premises(s) about the whole thing.
Ex: Just because LJ is a great player doesn’t mean the team as a whole is great.
-molecule vs. brain example.
Composition Flaw
They WILL say there’s NO evidence
Absense of Evidence Flaw
Making predictions about the future based on the past.
Temporal Flaw
The conclusion is stronger than the explanation
Logical Force Flaw
What you “think, feel, believe, hope , wish” doesn’t matter to objective reality
Perception vs. Reality (Flaw)
vs. likelyhood, porportions, ratios, absolute amounts
Percentage vs. Amount (Flaw)
When you use a premise (& as a conclusion) The answer will presuppose ____.
Circular Reasoning
