LQ2

Question 1

Shona Mbira, Zimbabwe

Answer 1

1. Mbira, the thumb piano is used
2. Clapping, shakers (hosho), and singing
3. Cyclical structure
4. Multiple, interlocking layers, polyphonic texture
5. Polymetric structure

Question 2

Chimurenga, Zimbabwe

Answer 2

1. 2 electric guitars, drum kit, vocals, and electric bass
2. Cyclical structure
3. Polymetric structure
4. Guitars have twangy timbre, play in interlocking style
5. Translates Mbira into new different style

Question 3

Agbekor, Ghana

Answer 3

1. Different styles: slow, fast, free-rhythm
2. Polymeter and polyrhythm (oriented around gankogui)
3. Call and response (from master drummer)
4. Astimevu is the major (master) drum,
5. Gankogui, bell that plays regular repeated pattern
6. Axatse, shaker that playes regular repeated pattern

Question 4

Afrobeat, Nigeria

Answer 4

1. Electric bass playing ostinatio
2. Horns, guitar, drum kit, hand drums, vocals, bass
3. Call and response between singer and horns
4. Polythythmic and interlocking instruments
5. Jazz-like improviization

Question 5

Samba, Brazil

Answer 5

1. Bateria (percussion ensemble), bells, shakers, etc.
2. Cuica, high pitched friction drum
3. Polyphony, polyrhythm
4. Cavaquinho (string instrument played percussively)
5. Many different repeating rhythms

Question 6

Siku Ensemble, Andes

Answer 6

1. Siku: Double-row panpipe (requires two players)
2. Sikus all play same melody, different pitches (homophony)
3. Breathy, shrill timbre from sikus
4. Highly repetitive, short motifs, subtle variation
5. Rhythm kept by large drums, rhythmic flexability

Question 7

Mestizo Charango, Andes

Answer 7

1. Charango: Double stringed guitar with higher pitches
2. Guitar plays bass line
3. Charango alternates between rapid strumming and melody
4. Polymeter (triple and duple) sesquailtera
5. Repetitions of short melodic phrases