Lq Flashcards
a group or connected island
Archipelago
- one of the most impressive man-made
agricultural landscapes in the world - serve as a testament to the ancient
agricultural practices of the Ifugao people
Banaue Rice Terraces
UNESCO
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Form of calligraphic writing that is typically
engraved or etched onto copper plate. - Using a pointed tool or stylus to create fine,
lines on the copper surface. - often found on historical monuments and
plaques
- emerged in the 16th century and gained
popularity in the 18th and 19th centuries
Copperplate Inscription
- One of the earliest written records of
Philippine history - Valuable insights into the political and social
structure of early Filipino communities - A testament to the advanced civilization of
early Filipino settlers
Laguna Copperplate Inscription
- form of rock art, with carving or scratching
images or symbols onto the surface of a rock - serve as a means of communication, storytelling, or religious exp
Petroglyphs
- a testament to the rich history and cultural
heritage of Filipinos and the early settlers
Rizal Petroglyph
- began with the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan
in 1521 and lasted until 1898 - Initial motive for colonization was to use the
Philippines as a stepping-stone to the riches of
the East Indies (Spice Islands) The Moluccas
SPANISH COLONIZATION OF THE
PHILLIPPINES
- Restrictions on scientific and technological
progress - Established parish schools, teaching religion, reading, writing, arithmetic, and advanced
agricultural methods to the natives.
During Spanish Regime
- Authored the first Filipino published book
(Librong Pag aaralan nang mga Tagalog in
1610) - born in Barrio Mabatang, Abucay, Bataan, between 1580 and 1585.
Tomas Pinpin
- Famous contributor to the field of science
- Researched Philippine plants and contributed
to the study of Philippine ethnography
Dr. Jose Rizal
- physician, philologist, and historian
- significant contributions to the scientific study
of Philippine languages and culture. - Made extensive studies on Philippine
Ethnography, Linguistic and Medicine
Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
- Lawyer, writer, and politician, scientist, and
technologist - One of the first Filipinos to promote the
modernization of the country - involved in the development of modern
infrastructure, such as railways and telegraph
lines
Pedro Alejandro Paterno
- A labor leader, who had interest in scientific
pursuits - Contributing to the field of anthropology
- Founded the first Filipino labor union and
advocated for worker’s rights
Isabelo de los Reyes
- came to the Philippines in 1889
- Filipino-American War began on February 4, 1889, and ended on june 2, 1902
THE ERA OF AMERICAN COLONIZATION
- A botanist known for extensive research on
Philippine flora - Publicate the “Medicinal plants of the
Phillippines” and “Philippine Orchids” Book
Eduardo Quisimbing (1895-1986)
- A pediatrician and first woman to be admitted
to Harvard Medical School - Established the first pediatric hospital - Invented the bamboo incubator for Premature
Babies
Fedel Mundo (1911-2011)
- Physicist and Inventor of Videophone that
allowed for real-time video communication - Significant contributions to the field of
electronics
Gregorio Zara ( 1902- 1978)
- Well known chemist for research on
alternative fuels - Discovered for producing ethanol and other
biofuels from sugarcane, coconut, and other
local sources
Julian Banzon (1908 – 1988)
- Marine biologist and first female scientist - Conducted extensive research on marine life
Carmen Velasquez (1906- 2004)
Positive effects of American Colonization
Economy
- Introduction of modern infrastructure
- Implementation of public education system
- Establishment of banking and financial
institutions
Politics
- Introduction of democratic system
- Implementation of laws and regulations
- Promotion of civil liberties and Human rights
Society
- Improvement in healthcare facilitates and
sanitation
- Promotion of gender equality and women’s
right
- Establishment of social welfare programs
Culture
- Exchange of Cultural Ideas and practices
- Preservation and promotion of Philippine
traditional arts and crafts
- Introduction of new forms of entertainment
and media
Negative Effects of American Colonization
Economy
Economy
- The exploitation of natural resources and
labor for the benefit of American interest
- Displacement of local industries and
traditional livelihoods
- Imposition of trade policies that favored
American business
Politics
- Suppression of Filipino nationalist movements
- Limitation of political power and autonomy
- Imposition of discriminatory policies and
practices
Society
- Disruption of traditional social structures
- Promotion of western ideals and norms
- Creation of social division and tensions
Culture
- Erosion of indigenous languages and cultural - Loss of cultural identity and heritage
- Commercialization and commodification of
Philippine culture
Well Known Filipinos and Filipinas in
Science and Technology
- Famous for Land reform program – the
Agricultural Land Reform code in 1963 - The code aimed to provide landless farmers
with their lands - Pioneered the “Cable Television Industry” during the 1970s
- The Father of Cable Television
Ramon Magsaysay (1953 – 1965)
- Enacted the Agricultural Land Reform code in
1963 - Sought to break the cycle of economic and
social degradation
Diosdado Macapagal (1961 – 1965)
Established the National Academy of Science
and Technology
- Supported the Filipino Inventors “Philippine
Inventors Incentive Act”
- Prioritized the advancement of science and
technology
Ferdiand E. Marcos (1965- 1986)
- Aimed to industrialize the country by 2000
- Encouraged a collaboration between private
and public research sectors
Corazan C. Aquino (1986 – 1992)
- Introduced laws on inventors incentives and
science and technology scholarships
Fidel V. Ramos (1992 – 1998)
- Enacted the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
- Electronic Commerce Act of 2000
- Launched irrigation technology systems
Joseph Ejercito Estrada (1998 – 2001)
- Focused on National innovation system
- Promoted technology entrepreneurship
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001- 2010)
- Coining the term “Filipinovation”
- Aiming to make the Philippines an innovation
hub in Asia
Benigno S. Aquino III (2010 – 2016)
- Signed R.A 9367 as “Biofuels Act” that
promotes the development of biofuels - Emphasized that “ Benham Rise” (known as
“Philippine Rise”) exclusively Philippine
property - Signed the Philippine Space Act (RA 11363)
creating the Philippine Space Agency
Rodrigo R. Duterte (2016 – 2022)
- Specialized in experimental psychology
- Introduced behavioral studies and Hypnosis
for relaxation - Establish behavior therapy as an option for
mental illnesses
Alfredo Mahar Francisco Lagmay
- Specialized in marine biology
- Led the first ever national scale assessment
of damage to coral reefs nationwide - Earned the “National Scientist in 2014”
Edgardo Gomez
- Specializes in Marine biology
- Significant contributions on Marine science
Gavino Trono
- Known for Inventing articial coral reefs used
for fisheries - Earned recognition in the Asian Scientist 100
by the Asian scientist magazine - Build sanctuaries and promoting biodiversity
- Contributed significantly to Marine
conservation
Angel Alcala
- refers to all living things and their specific
habitats
BIODIVERSITY
- organisms like plants and algae that create
energy through photosynthesis
A. Producers
– Largest group of producers
Plants
- organisms eat other organisms for their
energy - Divided into Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores
B. Consumers
- Organisms such as bacteria and fungi that
break down dead plants and animals - Crucial role in breaking down and recycling
organic matter in ecosystems - This process releases nutrients such as
carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus
C. Decomposers
– Both producers and
decomposers
Bacteria and Fungi
– They produce their own food like
Plants
Autotrophs
– organism that cannot produce
their own food and depend on other organism
or organic compounds.
Heterotrophs
Importance of Biodiversity
- Ecosystem Stability
- Nutrient Cycling
- Pollination
- Genetic Diversity
- Medicinal Resources
- Aesthetic and Cultural Value
Threats to Biodiversity
- Habitat loss and fragmentation
- Climate change
- Invasive Species
- Overexploitation
- Disease and Pathogens
- Human Activities
- Genetic Pollution
- Fragmentation and Isolation
- Lack of awareness and Conservation Efforts
