LPIC-3 304v1 Flashcards by Sascha Reimann

what’a an alias for hypervisor?

virtual machine monitor (VMM)

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what’s the difference between a hypervisor and hardware emulation?

In hardware emulation, a piece of hardware imitates another, while in hardware virtualization, a hypervisor (a piece of software) imitates a particular piece of computer hardware

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what’s the name of the cli tool for OpenVZ?

vzctl

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which cpu flag provides a intel VT cpu for full virtualisation?

vmx (virtual machine extensions)

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which cpu flag provides a amd-v cpu for full virtualisation?

svm (secure virtual machine)

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where can you see, if xen supports HVM?

/sys/hypervisor/properties/capabilities

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LVS: what’s the VIP (Virtual IP Address)?

The IP address used by the director to provide services to client computers.

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LVS: what’s the RIP (Real IP address)?

The IP address used to connect to the cluster nodes.

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LVS: what’s the DIP (Directors IP address)?

The IP address used by the director to connect to network of real IP addresses

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LVS: what’s the CIP (Client IP address)?

The IP address assigned to a client computer, that it uses as the source IP address for requests being sent to the cluster

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which sysctl settings need to be adjusted in order to prevent the loopback device from responding to ARP?

net. ipv4.conf.lo.rp_filter = 0
net. ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net. ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1

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define the main syntax of genhash

genhash -s -p -u

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how can genhash use SSL and what’s the option to define a virtual Host?

SSL= -S, virtualHost= -u

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ipvsadm: add a new service

-A

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ipvsadm: define a tcp service address

-t

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ipvsadm: define the scheduler

-s

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ipvsadm: add a new server

-a

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ipvsadm: add a real server

-r

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ipvsadm: use masquerading

-m

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ipvsadm: save rules to stdout

-S

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ipvsadm: read rules from stdin

-R

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ipvsadm: name the scheduling methods and declare each

rr - round robin
wrr - weighted RR
lc - least connection
lblc - locality based least connection
lblcr - locality based least connection with replication
dh - destination hashing
sh - source hashing
sed - shortest expected delay
nq - never queue

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which option of keepalived defines the LVS syncd interface?

lvs_sync_daemon_interface

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VRRP? What’s it doing?

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol, used to communicate between routers/loadbalancers to define a master holding an IP

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IPVS?

IP Virtual Server

what is LVS Localnode and what purpose can it serve?

use the local node (loadbalancer) as a real server, can be good for a sorry server

what is LVS IP Tunneling?

packets are encapsulated and answered directly by the real server

what is LVS NAT?

the loadbalancer translates external IP to internal and vice versa

what is LVS DR?

the packets are forwarded by the loadbalancer directly to the real server and is also answered by the real server

what's SSI related to LinuxPMI?

single system image

what's the directory LPI is asking for but nobody knows of?

/usr/lib/heartbeat/ResourceManager

where's the cluster config file of red hats cluster suite located?

/etc/cluster/cluster.conf

how can you create a skelton config for red hats cluster suite?

ccs_tool create

deploy cluster.conf to all nodes in red hats cluster suite

ccs_tool update /etc/cluster/cluster.conf

rhcs: show cluster status

clustat

rhcs: start/enable a service

clusvcadm -e

rhcs: stop/disable a service

clusvcadm -d

definition of cman?

"cluster manager" - decides if cluster has quorum

what is rgmanager?

counterpart of pacemaker

CCS?

Cluster Configuration System

rgmanager?

resource group manager

OCF?

Open Cluster Framework

where are red hats RA located?

/usr/share/cluster

which variable determines if ocfs can start?

O2CB_ENABLED

config file of OCFS?

/etc/ocfs2/cluster.conf

name the typical options for a ocfs node in cluster.conf

name, cluster, number, ip_address, ip_port

name the typical options for a ocfs cluster in cluster.conf

name, node_count

DLM (filesystem)?

Distributed Lock Manager

which options defines the name of the locking protocol for gfs2?

-p

which option defines the name of the lock table for gfs2?

-t

where's the haproxy config located?

/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

name haproxy's 5 config sections

``` global defaults listen frontend backend ```

are haproxy acl's case sensitive?

yes

which chars are allowed for haproxy acl's?

``` upper and lower case digits _ . : - ```

which acl flags are supported by haproxy?

- i - f - -

haproxy acl's can match on which tcp layers?

4 and 7

which option of haproxy sets the loadbalancing algorithm?

balance

which loadbalancing algorithms are available for haproxy?

``` roundrobin static-rr leastconn source uri uril_param hdr rdp-cookie ```

which binary creates the qdiskd filesystem?

mkqdisk

how many nodes can be in an qdisk managed cluster?

what's the name of the KVM kernel module?

kvm.ko

KVM loads a processor specific module, which two exist?

kvm-intel.ko and kvm-amd.ko

what's the name of the kvm daemon?

libvirt-bin

which cli tool can create VMs?

virtinst

which cli tool can start/stop VMs?

virsh

which command lists KVMs virtual machines?

virsh -c qemu:///system list

which file is read by kvm_stat?

/sys/kernel/debug/kvm

which binary can specify disk images for guests?

qemu-kvm

create a 10G disk image called file.img with qemu in qcow format

qemu-img create -f qcow file.img 10G

which storage interface of qemu is faster than IDE?

virtio