LPC2024 DAY 1 Flashcards
- To operate LVO approaches and take-offs, OPS regulations requires?
- Aerodrome to be approved and LVP to be enforced.
Runway conditions for LVO? LENGTH/WIDTH/SLOPE/OBJECTS ON RUNWAY STRIPS
- Length = No specific requirement for LVO.
- Width = Many aircrafts, Autoland systems are limited to runway width 45m or more.
- Slope = Recommended for the first and last quarter of the RWY the slope does not exceed 0.8%. Slope changes before threshold must be kept to maximum 2% per 30m. Reason = we use radio altimeter during Autoland and rapid slope change can disturb the landing.
Objects on RWY STRIPS = recommended no objects installed within 60m of the centerline.
- What is OBSTACLE CLEARENCE HEIGHT (OCH)?
- Lowest height above the elevation of the RWY threshold to establish appropriate obstacle clearence criteria which means it is the height of the tallest obstacle in the area.
- When do the operator take into account the operating aerodrome minima?
Only for CAT II operation because the minimum DH for CAT II is always equal to or higher than any mentioned OCH in the chart.
- What about OCH for CAT III approaches?
It is not taken into account because here the missed approach must always be protected from a point on the runway located 900m after the threshold.
- What is obstacle free zone OFZ?
Established to protect CAT II and III approaches below decision height and in the event of a balked landing or go-around after DH.
- When do we have yellow chevrons on the RWY?
When surface before a threshold is paved and exceeds 60m in length and is not normal use for aircraft = entire length before threshold should be marked with a chevron marking.
- When is it mandatory with approach lights?
- Mandatory for CAT II operations and optional for CAT III operations.
- Minimum length of the centerline of the approach lights?
Minimum 300m from the threshold (up to 900m for CAT I). Placed at 30m intervals and are variable white.
- Approach light system has two side rows of lights, extending how many metres from the threshold? Colour?
How about crossbars? Colour?
- 270m from the threshold (steady red) and two crossbars located 150m and one 300m from the threshold with variable white.
- Runways approved for LVO are equipped with? 5
- High intensity edge lights, threshold lights, runway end lights, centerline and touchdown zone lights.
- Colour of runway edge lights and the distance between them?
Distance between runway centerline lights?
Maximum 60m and they are white.
15M.
- When is high intensity centerline lights provided on RWYs? Describe also the colour of the centerline lights through the runway.
Runways equipped with for LVO.
We have white lights from the threshold to 900m from the runway end. Following 600m is alternate white and red and the final 300m is red. NOTE, if RWY less than 1800m, the alternate red/white lights are extended from the mid point of the runway to 300m from runway end!
- How is the rapid exit taxiway indicator lights?
Consist of six yellow lights configured in three/two/one pattern spaced 100m apart and the last single light is 100m from the start of the turn for the rapid exit taxiway. Good during LVO.
- Three different categories of ILS, what does it mean? CAT I, II, III.
Certified to provide guidance down to a height higher or equal to: CAT I = 200ft, CAT II = 50ft, CAT III = runway surface and along the runway.
- Distances from the threshold we can intercept G/S AND LOC.
Distance 17 = 35 degrees, distance 25 = 10 degrees.
- What does N and 100& mean on the oxygen mask?
- 100% = the mask delivers 100% oxygen.
- N = Provides flight crew mix of air and oxygen. Mixture changes with cabin altitude = the higher cabin altitude = the more oxygen mask provides until the mask supplies 100% oxygen.
- What does EMERGENCY pressure selector means on the mask?
Use of this selector creates an overpressure which eliminates condensation or fogging of the mask and prevents smoke, smell or ashes entering the mask. Overpressure supply is only available only when the N/100% selector is set on the 100% position.
When can we get partial pressurization failure?
What can we do if it happens during climb?
What can we do if it happens during cruise?
Due to faulty pack or a failure in the pressurization control itself.
Consider reducing speed (possible return) and or stop climb.
Descend to lower altitude (during single pack operation) = not emergency descend in this case.
During Emergency descend, who must the crew rely on the CAB PR EXCESS CAB ALT warning?
Flight crew must rely on red CAB PR EXCESS CAB ALT warning even if not confirmed on CAB PRESS SD page because this warning can be triggered by a cabin pressure sensor, different from the one used to control the pressure and display the cabin altitude on the SD.
When we use speedbrakes during emergency descendwhy do we monitor VLS?
We do it to avoid the activation of the AOA protection which will if activated retract the speed brakes and AP disconnection.
- Which 3 conditions should be meet if we are going to continue the LVO approach past 1000ft AAL when we had a failure before?
- Failure management procedures (ECAM/RESETS/C/L) completed.
- Status of the aircraft = landing capability and management of failure re-assessed and when applicable, corresponding landing minima inserted in MCDU
- Approach briefing amended taking into account the new situation.
- Below 1000ft and above alert height, when should we perform a go-around? 2
Amber caution (single chime) or landing capability degradation. (tex. from CAT3 DUAL to CAT3 SINGLE).
- If we get red AUTOLAND below alert height (CAT III) or below DH, what should we do?
Go-around is mandatory except if visual references at the moment of the occurence are sufficient and flying conditions such that a manual and visual landing can be safely performed.
- What is alert height?
Alert Height is a height above the runway, based on the characteristics of the aeroplane and its fail-operational automatic landing system, above which a Category III approach would be discontinued and a missed approach initiated if a failure occurred in one of the redundant parts of the automatic landing system, or in the relevant ground equipment.
Below = We can disregard if we have fail operational (two systems) = the other will take over and land in CAT 3 SINGLE EXCEPT if the RED AUTOLAND warning is triggered. Even then we can continue manually if we have visual references.
We are going to land fail passive (CAT 1 and CAT 2 and CAT III A) which means we have DA/DH = CAT 3 SINGLE. What do we need to see on DA/DH?
CAT 1 and CAT 2:
a segment of at least three consecutive lights,
which are:
* The centre line of the approach lights, or
* Touchdown zone lights, or
* Runway centre line lights, or
* Runway edge lights, or
* A combination of these.
Also a lateral element of the ground pattern like approach lighting crossbar, threshold lights /green) or barrette of the TDZ lights.
CAT III A = DH to low = everything above except approach lights because we have passed them.
- On which height is the autoland light armed?
Triggered if? 4
200ft RA.
BOTH AP´s trip off, excessive beam deviation is sensed, LOC or GS transmitter or receiver fails, RA discrepancy of at least 15ft is sensed.
