Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

410 Patho Exam 1 > Lower Resp, Tb & Trauma > Flashcards

Lower Resp, Tb & Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What is TB caused by?

And what does it mainly infect?

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If you heart and lungs are not working, what happens?

A

Nothing is working

Remember lungs -> effect cardiac
cardiac not working -> lungs effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the ultimate goal worldwide from TB?

A

The eradication of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most of the time we like to selective screening programs to help detect TB, but why do we do this?

A

Because there are some high risk groups and social determinants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some risk factors for TB?
Give some example

A

Homeless
Foreign born persons
IV injecting drug users

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The best measure of peripheral perfusion??
Test question

A

Urine output

The reason is because the first thing to stop when your heart is pumping well, urine/renal decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Test question
What is the best method to show that peripheral perfusion has improved ?

A

Increased Urine output!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Test question
If your patient is on a proton pump inhibitor, what is the best measure that it’s being effective?

( remember this is used for ulcers )

A

Lack of blood in stool !!
( occult blood )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do we do ADPIE?

A

Because it’s effect and can help us understand the patient better than like a lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Edema
Where is it when laying in bed?
If they are standing ?

A

Sacral

Feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Aorta arch and ascending aorta
Where is the lack of perfusion going to be at?

Lower abdominal aneurysm?

A

Concerned for the perfusion of upper extremities

Lower extremities lack of perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the pulse ox measure?

A

Measures the % of hemoglobin that has oxygen attached to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If you have blood loss, half of your hemoglobin what happens to you perfusion ?

But your lungs work fine, what’s your pulse ox?

Normal 100 hemoglobin = 100 pulse ox
100 hemoglobin but not all picking up oxygen = 80 pulse ox

Bleeding but lungs are fine = 100 pulse ox

A

It decreases it because it loses the hemoglobin

It’s gonna be 100%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the first thing you will see when someone is not perfusing well?

A

They are gonna be agitated ( yelling at you, get out of bed )
If you see this, think of perfusion

See a change into agigated think of oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If your patient has respiratory issues, what position are we gonna do?

A

Sit them up
Assess their respiratory status
( vital signs, listen to lungs )

If your patient is gonna die, ignore assess and take care of their distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who do you talk to when a patient is at risk for aspiration?

A

Speech therapist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nursing assessment and interventions by body system
Following flashcards

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Before anything we want to collect a history about a patient,
Give example to what things we want to ask about patients?

A

Signs and symptoms
A baseline
Prior health history
Medications
Past surgeries
Family history
Recent exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cardiac / peripheral perfusion nursing assessment
What are some things we will do to help assess cardiac on a patient?

A

Capillary refill
Level of consciousness
Skin color ( remember pink !! )
Urine output is your best friend !!!!
Labs
Auscultations breathe sounds
Drains
JVD assessment
Heart rate
Blood pressure
Pulses = bilaterally assessment
( expect neck )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the main lab we want to be looking at when it comes to the heart?

A

Potassium!!

H&H as well as

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the pulses associated with the ascending aorta and aortic arch? (3)

A

Carotid
Radial
Temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the pulses associated with the descending aorta? (4)

A

Femoral
Popliteal
Posterior tibial
Dorsalis pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vasospams and hypothermia can cause what?

A

Absense of lower extremity pulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When edema is a concerned we want to assess the 6Ps which are?

A

Pain
Pulseleness
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pallor
Poikilothermia ( cold )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Nursing assessment of respiratory
What should we be doing?

A

Are they using accessory muscles? Flaring? Retractions?

Positions
Color
Clubbing in fingers
Symmetry
Pulse ox
Lungs
Agitation
Fluid status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is some nursing assessment of GI?

A

Abdominal shape
Bowel sounds
Stool character
Aspiration risk
Knowing diet
Early feeds
Stress ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are some nursing assessment of neurologic status?

A

LOC
PERRLA - pupils equal round reactive light accommodation
EOM - eyes of motion
orientation
Quality of speech
Facial symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Infection
The biggest thing to know with infection if that some patients, mainly those who are elderly and immunosuppressive they will?

A

Not present with a fever :(!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Before you give an antibiotic, you want your make sure the patient doesn’t have a blood culture order first as to why?

A

It can effect the results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Back to the original presentation of respiratory

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How is TB spread?

A

Airborne ( droplets )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

If someone has TB, is it a reportable thing?

A

Yes, it’s a very serious health condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

We do a skin test, how do we identify as positive for TB?

Normal
immunocompromised

Remember it’s by the size not the color

A

10mm more + =for normal people
Less than 10mm = negative

5mm + HIV = positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

When doing a skin test, what is the time frame we can read the thing?

Too early or too late doesn’t count and you have to redo the thing

A

48-72 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What’s the vaccine for TB?

What if someone has this vaccine and get a skin test what can happen?

A

BCG vaccine

TB test usually come out positive on the skin test ; questionable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

If a patient comes out positive for a skin test, what’s the next step?

A

Chest x-ray and symptom screening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

If a patient is positive with a skin test for TB but negative on chest x-ray, what does that mean?

A

Latent TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

If you have latent TB, remember no symptoms, it can become ACTIVE!!
How so

A

Simply change in symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is latent vs active TB differences?

A

Latent
- no symptoms
- not contagious

Active
- symptoms
- contagious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What’s the problem of treating TB?

A

The resistance is insane
People get tired of taking medication and just simply don’t like the meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The problem of people not taking their TB meds resulted in what?

A

DOT
Directed observed therapy

These people come in and watch them take their medications every single day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Can TB he spread by touching, sharing food utensils, kissing or other physical contact?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What’s the typical symptoms of active TB?

A

Fever
Weight loss
Night sweats
Tired
Cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What’s an acutely ill symptoms of TB?

A

High fever
Productive cough
Crackles
Adventitious breath sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Remember if you are immunosuppressive, what if you get TB?

A

You are less likely to have a fever and die quicker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is miliary TB?

A

Bloodstream to distant organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Other complications

NOTES
can get bacterial meningitis
Peritonitis

All from having TB

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the TB test called?

A

Tuberculin skin test (TST)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the blood work for TB?

A

Interferon release assays - screening tool

Can not be effected by BCG vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is the gold standard of TB?

How many samples?

To be considered negative they what?

How long does it take to get results?

Do we treat them still?

A

The sputum culture

3x at 8 to 24 hours intervals

No TB in the cultural

6 weeks

Yes, treat them as they have active TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the 4 medications to remember of Tb we use to treat?

A

RIPE
rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the INH side effects? (4)

Do you take with foods or no food?

How do we treat one of their symptoms?

A

Photosensitivity
Tinnitus
Peripheral neuropathy
Hepatotoxicty

No food, empty stomach

Treat peripheral neuropathy with vitamin B6 ( pyridoxine )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

All the 4 TB meds can effect your what?

So what do we do?

What do we tell them to avoid (2)?

A

Liver

Get them base line of liver

Tyneol & alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What do we tell patients with ethambutol?

What do we do before hand?

Teach them to do what? (2)

A

Damage to eye causing blurred or changed vision

Eye exams

Sunglasses and call doctor of vision changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What do we tell patients about rifampin?

What about female patients ?

A

Every fluid in your body will be orange !!

Oral contraceptives will become ineffective, another form of birth control is needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Do we tell patients with TB to take meds everyday or stop when they feel better?

A

YES!!
KEEP GOING!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Oral preparations may be given with meals to reduce GI upset stomach however we recommend patients to taken them what?

A

1 hour Before or 2 hours after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Two phases of active TB
first phase ( how long and how many drugs )

Second phase
( how long and how many meds )

A

8 weeks to 3 months
4 meds

18 weeks
2 meds ( INH & rifampin )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Sensitivity test determines drugs
For active TB
initial 4-5 meds for at least 6 months

What are they ^ (4)

Continuation ?
How many and how long

Notes
Two new drugs used in combination therapy?

A

2 first line meds - fluoroquinolone & injectable antibiotic & 1 more second line

4 drugs for 18-24 months

Bedaquiline (sirturo)
Delamanid (deltyba)

60
Q

Treatment for LATENT TB?
How long?
They also are on what?

HIV patients ?

A

INH
6-9 months
Vitamin b6

Usually they are on it longer

61
Q

When a patient is active TB, what do we do in the hospital?

Nurse mask what do we wear?

Transport patient with TB, what mask?

A

Single room with 6-12 airflow exchanges/hour

N95

Surgical mask

62
Q

Chest trauma and thoracic injuries !!
Flashcards !!

A
63
Q

What are the 2 types of chest trauma ?

A

Blunt
Penetrating

64
Q

What is blunt chest trauma?

A

Appear minor externally
There is no hole or bruising at first
But severe internally injury

65
Q

What is penetrating chest trauma?
Examples?

A

Open wound through the pleural space

Knife, gunshot wound, shape objects

66
Q

What is the main thing you do for emergency management?

A

ABC
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

67
Q

After you establish their airway, we want to do what after a major management ?

A

Two large bore IV sites
Because of cardiovascular collapse is a big concern

Airway, breathing, stop the bleeding
Two large bore IV sites !!

Big stuff first then other injuries

68
Q

What is the most common ribs to break?

A

5-9

69
Q

What happens or one of the concerns to why people with brokes ribs end up getting?

A

Atelectasis -> pneumonia
Because they don’t wanna take deep breaths because it hurts!

70
Q

What are the clinical manifestations besides fractured ribs? (4)

A

Pain with inspiration
Coughing
Splinting
Shallow respirations

71
Q

What is the treatment for fractured ribs?

A

NSAIDS
Opioids
Splinting - holding their chest
Deep breathing
Incentive spirometry

72
Q

If you break more than 1 rib, what can you develop?

A

Flail chest

73
Q

What is flail chest?

A

Unstable chest wall and paradoxical movement with breathing

74
Q

What is the like patho behind flail Chest
Like what is happening
Inspiration
Expiration ?

What happens to our gas exchange?

A

Inspiration - the ribs suck into their body
Expiration - the ribs are pushed out

It’s disturbed

75
Q

What can you find on a flail chest on physical exam? (3)

A

Shallow respiration
Crepitus ( pop sound )
Asymmetric

76
Q

What is the treatment of flail chest?

A

Ensure adequate ventilation
Intubation if really bad
Pain mangament - nerve blocks

77
Q

What is pneumothorax ?

A

Collapse lung

78
Q

What is the cause of pneumothorax?

A

Air entering pleural cavity

79
Q

What is the patho behind a pneumothorax?

A

Negative pressure is usually present in chest cavity - air entering space causes positive pressure in cavity caused lung to collapse

80
Q

Remember you don’t need an open chest or close chest to have a pneumothorax !!

Noyes ^!

A
81
Q

What are some types of pneumothorax?

A

Spontaneous
Latrogenic
Traumatic penetrating
Traumatic blunt

82
Q

What is a spontaneous pneumothoax?
Mainly caused by?
Risk factors?

A

Rupture of blebs ( air filled blister on lungs )
COPD, asthma, pneumonia
Smoking, thin, make

83
Q

What is latrogenic pneumothorax?

A

Caused by medical procedures

84
Q

What is traumatic penetrating pneumothorax ?

A

Caused by sucking Chest wound
Air sucked into chest cavity during inspiration ^

85
Q

How do we apply dressing to help with traumatic penetrating pneumothorax?

A

Occlusive dressing secured on 3 sides!!!
Covers wound during inspiration, allows air to escape during expiration

The reason why not 4, is because we hope the air that doesn’t belong, goes out the small one

86
Q

What is traumatic blunt closed pneumothoax caused by?

A

Lung laceration secondary to rib fracture
Alveolar rupture

87
Q

What is hemothorax?
Treatment ^

What is hemo-pneumothorax?

What is chylothorax?
Treatment?

A

Blood in plural space
Treat with chest tube

Blood and air in pleural space

Lymphatic fluid in pleural space
Surgery, meds

88
Q

What is the manifestations of small pneumothoax? (2)

Large?

Diagnostic study?

A

Mild Tachy and dyspnea ?

respiratory distress
Absent breath sounds

Chest x-ray

89
Q

Do you ever pull something out of a patient?

A

No!!!

90
Q

What is the treatment of pneumothorax? (2)

A

Chest tubes with water- seal drainage

Partial pleurectomy, stapling,
pleurodesis
^ surgically put this powder in the space, that causes inflammation reaction and the lung scares itself to the chest wall to hold in it place
( this is used for small things )

91
Q

What is tension pneumothorax?
WORST ONE!!!!

A

Accumulation of air in pleasure space that does not escape

Causes medisatinal shift towards unaffected side, causing compression of good lung

92
Q

What is the emergency treatment for a tension pneumothorax?

A

Emergent needle decompression
To help relieve that pressure that bad lung is doing to the good lung

93
Q

Can tension pneumothorax occur with open or closed pneumothorax?

A

Yes

94
Q

What is the purpose of chest tubes and pleural drainage?

A

To remove air or fluid from pleural and or mediastinal space

95
Q

If you are having a patient with multiple chest tubes
Lets say one up top
One down low

Which one does what, or helping with what?

A

Up top - air
Down low - blood and fluid

All draining out

96
Q

What is the nurse job with chest tubes? (3)

A

Consent forms
Assessment before start and then after
( vital signs )

Drainage system !!

97
Q

What are the 2 types of pleural drainage systems?

A

Water and dry

98
Q

Where should the chest tube be at?
Where should the drainages be at?
Should water suction be at the side?

If it’s water suction you put water in the water seal, no water in the dry

A

Below the heart
On the floor
NEVER!!

99
Q

What are the 3 compartments of the pleural drainage?

A

1- collection chamber
Fluid stays ; air goes to 2nd

2 - water seal chamber
Contains 2cm of water, air goes in and bubbles out but not in the patient

3rd - suction control
Uses Column of water to control suction from regulator

100
Q

What is the term of water fluctuation when putting in a drainage?

A

Tidaling

101
Q

What is normal tidaling in water seal chamber ?

A

Fluctuation of water with pressure changes during respiration

Deep breath

Water level rises and fall with respirations

NORMALL!!

102
Q

If we can not see tidaling in water seal chamber
Like stops suddenly
What do we check?

A

Occlusion in chest tube or machine

103
Q

Bubbling is normal in a water seal chamber is put in at first, however when are the only 2 other times which is normal then it’s is not normal?

What if they are not coughing or sneezing, what does not mean if it’s still bubbling?

A

Coughing and sneezing

Leaking

104
Q

If there is a leak, and bubbling still going what do we do?

A

We search with any of the tapes or anything

105
Q

What is a flutter or Heimlich valve?

A

It’s like a small chest tube
Without a really big drainage system, just a small one

106
Q

When would we put in a flutter or heimlich valve?

A

Small to moderate sized pneumothorax

107
Q

What are the two nozzles function in flutter or heimlich calve?

A

Inlet- allows air to pass in the valve through chest drainage tube

Outlet - air passes to environment or collect device during expiration

108
Q

Can patients go home with a flutter or heimlich valve?

Can they move?

A

Yes

Yes

109
Q

When using the drainage bag of a flutter or heimlich valve, what must be done?

A

Vent the atmosphere to prevent tension pneumothoax

Cut small slit in top of bag

110
Q

Nursing management
Consent and aware of procedures
Gather and set up equipment as per order

Drainage system
Keep tubing loosely coiled
Keep connections tight ; taped
Observe ; tidaling, bubbling, air leak fluid levels

Assess
Vital signs
Lung sounds
Pain
Drainage amount
Infection
Subcutaneous emphysema

Encouraged
Deep breathing
ROM exercises

Keep below chest
Avoid overturning unit
No milking or stripping chest tubes

A
111
Q

What type of dressing do you want on chest tubes ?

A

Petroleum gauze ( Vaseline gauze )

112
Q

Why is it important to manage their pain when putting a chest tube or chest related trauma ?

A

Because it hurts to breathe !
We want them to be able to breathe fine

113
Q

If it hurts to take a deep breathe
What’s the order of the complications?

A

Atelectasis ->
Pneumonia

114
Q

Patients may have subcutaneous emphysema
Describe what that is^

What if don’t have it and then 4 days later they do?

A

Air around the chest tube, kinda crunchy, but it should go away!!

Leaking air

115
Q

You always are looking for signs of infection
What are some examples or things to look for?

A

Drainage looks cloudy, pus-y
Redness
Inflammation

116
Q

Anytime someone has trouble taking a deep breath we want them ro do what?

A

Deep breathing
Deep coughing
Range of motion
Movement
Turn
Incentive spriometer
Increase fluid intake

IV Bolus if they can’t take PO
Or tube feeding -> dilute it

117
Q

Make and measure drainage
Reports greater than ____ in first hour
And ___ there after

A

200
100

118
Q

If a patient chest tube comes out
What are we gonna do?

What if the chest tube stays in
But the end of the tube leaves the container, what do we do?

A

Occlusive dressing that’s tape on 3 side

Place end of the chest tube in 2cm water in sterile container

119
Q

Why do we stick in water?

A

To keep the water seal

Reason why is because air from outside will come inside the chest tube

120
Q

If you can’t stick the tube in water, what do we do?

A

Clamp it
But last resort

121
Q

you have decreased respiratory function, you’ll have decreased cardiac function

What are some complications?

A

Changing in heart rate
Changing in blood pressure
Adventurous breathe sounds

122
Q

Remember subcutaneous emphysema
What do we need to know?

A

Normal at the start and should go away
Not normal if it just came if it wasn’t there, problem -> meaning leakage

123
Q

How do we remove the chest tube?

A

Doctor does it
Premediate it
Chest x ray
- breathe out and pull

After chest tube out, doesn’t need to be vent dressing, it can be normal gauze

124
Q

What does thoractomy mean?

A

Surgical incision into the chest

125
Q

Before you do a chest surgery, what do we want to assess?

A

Cardiopulmonary status
Smoking cessation
Chest x ray
Electrolytes
CBC
Pain management
Anesthesia consult

126
Q

The best time to teach patient about post surgery, is when?

A

Before the surgery
Before the day off !!
Pre op visit

127
Q

If a patient had to cough, sneeze with surgery, what do we recommend?

A

Splitting
Put pressure on the site

128
Q

Other than ateletisis and pneumonia why do we want them up?

A

To avoid DVT and PE

129
Q

What are some pain management post op we can give patients with chest surgery?

A

PCA
epidural
Nerve blocks

130
Q

What are some respiratory status of post op care?

A

RR
Breath sounds
Sputum volume
Color
Chest tube

131
Q

What is thoracentesis?

How much fluid normally?

A

Putting a needle into the chest to drain the fluid

1000-1200ml

132
Q

What is the biggest thing of thoracentesis?

A

Poking your lung and pneumothorax

133
Q

Larger volumes of fluids being removed from thoracentesis can result in what?

A

Hypotension
Hypoxemia
Re-expansion pulmonary edema

134
Q

Anytime you have decreased function of chest wall you have decreased ability what?

A

Gas exchange

135
Q

What is restrictive repository disorders?

A

Disorders that impair movement of the chest walls and diaphragm

136
Q

What’s the hallmark characteristic of restrictive respiratory disorders?

A

Reduced forced expiratory volume (FEV1) on PFTS

137
Q

What is atlectasis mean?
What do we hear?
Caused by?
Who is at risk?
Prevention and treatment?

A

Collapsed, airless alveoli

Dullness on percussion

Secretions obstructing small airways

Bedridden and post op abdominal chest surgery patient

Deep breathing exercises, incentitice spirometer and early movement

138
Q

What does pleurisy mean?

A

Inflammation of the pleura

The linking inside the chest cavity, take a deep breathe and your lungs press the chest wall and it hurts
- people tend not to take deep breathes

139
Q

How do people get pleurisy?

A

Infection
Cancer
Autoimmune disorders
Chest trauma
Gi disease

140
Q

How do we treat pleurisy?

A

Underlying cause and pain management

141
Q

What is pleural effusion?

A

Abnormal amount of fluid in pleural space ; sign of disease

142
Q

What is pleural effusion caused by?

A

Increased pulmonary capillary pressures
Decreased oncotic pressure
Increased pleural membrane permeability
Lymph flow obstruction

143
Q

What do you hear in pleural effusion? (2)

A

Crackles
Adventitious breath sounds

144
Q

What are some manifestation of pleural effusion?

A

Cough
Sharp chest pain

145
Q

What’s treatment of pleural effusion?

A

Treat underlying cause
Chemical pleurodesis

410 Patho Exam 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions