Lower plants Flashcards
What is a Bryophyte?
A group of non vascular land plants; including Liverworts, Hornworts, and mosses. They reproduce sexually by spores and asexually by fragmentation or gemmae production.
What are the 3 groups?
Musci (Moss)
Hepaticae (Liverwort)
Anthocerotae (Hornwort)
What is Chalmydomonas?
A genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species[2] of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as “snow algae”.[3] Chlamydomonas is used as a model organism for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar motility and chloroplast dynamics, biogenesis, and genetics.
What is a haploid cell?
A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes. (N)
What is a diploid cell?
A cell that contains two sets (2n)
What is a non vascular plant?
Non-vascular plants are plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem. Instead, they may possess simpler tissues that have specialized functions for the internal transport of water
What is a vascular plant?
Are a large group of land plants that have lignified tissues (the xylem) for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant. They also have a specialized non-lignified tissue (the phloem) to conduct products of photosynthesis. Vascular plants include the clubmosses, horsetails, ferns, gymnosperms (including conifers), and angiosperms (flowering plants).
What is an antheridium?
An antheridium is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called antherozoids or sperm). The plural form is antheridia, and a structure containing one or more antheridia is called an androecium.[1] Androecium is also the collective term for the stamens of flowering plants.
What is an archegonium?
An archegonium is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. The corresponding male organ is called the antheridium. The archegonium has a long neck canal or venter and a swollen base. Archegonia are typically located on the surface of the plant thallus, although in the hornworts they are embedded.
What is a thalloid?
Thallus , meaning “a green shoot” or “twig”, is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. A thallus usually names the entire body of a multicellular non-moving organism in which there is no organization of the tissues into organs. Many of these organisms were previously known as the thallophytes, a polyphyletic group of distantly related organisms. An organism or structure resembling a thallus is called thalloid, thallodal, thalliform, thalline, or thallose.
How does Chlamydomonas reproduce?
Chlamydomonas’s asexual reproduction occurs by zoospores, aplanospores, hypnospores, or a palmella stage, while its sexual reproduction is through isogamy, anisogamy or oogamy.
What is a zoospore?
A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion in aqueous or moist environments.[1] Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves.
What is anisogamy?
Anisogamy is a form of sexual reproduction that involves the union or fusion of two gametes that differ in size and/or form. The smaller gamete is male, a sperm cell, whereas the larger gamete is female, typically an egg cell. Anisogamy is predominant among multicellular organisms.In both plants and animals, gamete size difference is the fundamental difference between females and males.
What is oogamy?
Ogamy is a form of anisogamy where the gametes differ in both size and form. In oogamy the large female gamete (also known as ovum) is immotile, while the small male gamete (also known as sperm) is mobile. Oogamy is a common form of anisogamy, with almost all animals and land plants being oogamous.
What is Ulva?
Ulva lactuca, also known by the common name sea lettuce, is an edible green alga in the family Ulvaceae. It is the type species of the genus Ulva.
