Lower Limbs Pt2. Flashcards
Leg, Ankle Jt, STJ, Calcaneus, Foot, Congenital Clubfoot
1
Q
Demo frontal image of the ankle jt, dital tibia/ fibula, prox talus
A
AP Ankle
2
Q
Inferior tibiofibular and talofibular articulation will not be “open” nor shown in profile
A
AP Ankle
3
Q
Exact positioning of the ankle is more easily and more consistently obtained
A
Lateromedial Ankle
4
Q
CR entry point: 1/2” lat to superior malleolus
A
Lateromedial Ankle
5
Q
Demo dital tibiofibular jt
A
APO Medial Rotn Ankle
6
Q
Three aspects of the ankle mortise jt, and the projection used
A
APO Medial Rotn Ankle
1. Talofibular
2. Superior tibiotalar
3. Lat tibiotalar
7
Q
Medially rotate leg/ foot 15-20deg
A
APO Medial Rotn Ankle
Ankle Mortise Jt
8
Q
Demo superior aspect of calcaneus
A
APO Lat Rotn Ankle
9
Q
Ankle jt in true anatomic posn
A
AP Ankle
AP Ankle Stress Method
10
Q
Injection of anesthesia- sinus tarsi
A
AP Ankle Stress Method
11
Q
Researcher: Catherine E. Hearty
A
AP Weight Bearing Method Ankle
12
Q
Toes straight ; heels in contact to IR
A
AP Weight Bearing Method Ankle
13
Q
Demo narrowing ankle jt space/ relationship of distal tibia and fibula
A
AP Weight Bearing Method Ankle
14
Q
Articulation of superior calcaneus and inferior talus
A
Subtalar/ Talocalcaneal Jt
15
Q
Ball of foot- angled forward- 25deg
A
PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) Subtalar jt
16
Q
Heel-elevated-1 1/2” from lat
A
PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) Subtalar jt
17
Q
RP: 1 1/2” distal to ankle jt
A
PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) Subtalar jt
18
Q
CRD: 5deg anterior, 23deg caudal - 36-40” SID - RP - MP - IR
A
PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) Subtalar jt
19
Q
Demo middle and posterior articulations of Subtalar jt
A
PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) Subtalar jt
20
Q
End-on image of sinus tarsi
A
- PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) STJ
- Isherwood AP Axial Oblique (Medial Rotn - Ankle) - STJ
21
Q
Unobstructed lat malleolus
A
PA Axial Oblique (Lat Rotn) Subtalar jt
22
Q
Leg/ foot - 45deg - medial and/or lat rotn
A
- APO Medial and Lat Rotn (Tibia and Fibula)
- APO Medial Rotn (Ankle)
- APO Lat Rotn (Ankle)
- Broden Method AP Axial Oblique Medial Rotn (STJ)
- Broden Method AP Axial Oblique Lat Rotn (STJ)
- Isherwood Method Lateromedial Oblique (Medial Rotn) (STJ)
- PAO Medial Rotn (Foot)
23
Q
RP: 2 or 3 cm - caudoanterior - Lat malleolus; line bn lat malleolus (protrusion) and base of 5th metatarsal
A
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn (STJ)
24
Q
CRD: 40deg, 30deg, 20deg, 10deg cranial
A
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn (STJ)
25
IR - longit - lower edge - 1" distal - foot
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn (STJ)
26
Demo posterior articular facer of calcaneus
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique Medial and Lat Rotn (STJ)
27
Determines jt involvement in cases of comminuted fx
Broden Method AP Axial Oblique Medial and Lat Rotn (STJ)
28
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn (STJ)
Diff CR degrees and part they best demo
40deg: anterior part of posterior facet
10deg: posterior part of posterior facet
Intermediate degrees: middle facet (b/n talus and sustentaculum tali)
29
RP: 2cm distal and 2cm anterior - medial malleolus
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Lat Rotn (STJ)
30
CRD: 15deg cranial - 36-40" - RP - MP - IR
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Lat Rotn (STJ)
31
Demo articulation bn talus and sustentaculum tali
1. Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Lat Rotn (STJ)
2. Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn (Intermediate Degrees) (STJ)
3. PAO Medial Rotn Foot
32
Tube angulation is increased - 3 or 4deg difference for each expo (2nd or 3rd images)
Broden Method
AP Axial Oblique
Lat Rotn (STJ)
33
RP: 1" distal, 1" anterior - Lat malleolus
Isherwood Method
1. Lateromedial Oblique Proj (Medial Rotn-Foot);
2. AP Axial Oblique Proj (Medial Rotn-Ankle)
34
RP: 1" distal, 1" anterior - Medial malleolus
Isherwood Method
AP Axial Oblique Proj (Lat Rotn-Ankle)
STJ
35
Demo subtalar articular surface and oblique img of tarsals
Isherwood Method
Lateromedial Oblique Proj (Medial Rotn-Foot) - STJ
36
Leg/ foot - medial/lat rotn - 30deg
1. Isherwood Method - AP Axial Oblique - Medial Rotn - Ankle (STJ)
2. Isherwood Method - AP Axial Oblique - Lat Rotn - Ankle (STJ)
3. APO Medial Rotn (Foot)
4. APO Lat Rotn (Foot)
37
Foot dorsiflexed and inverted - foot - pulled by pt
Isherwood Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn - Ankle
38
CRD: 10deg cephalic - 36-40" - RP - MP - IR
Isherwood Method
1. AP Axial Oblique Proj (Medial Rotn- Ankle)
2. AP Axial Oblique Proj (Lat Rotn-Ankle)
39
Demo middle talar articulation surface, middle articulations of subtalar jt, end-on image of sinus tarsi
Isherwood Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn - Ankle
40
Foot dorsiflexed and everted
Isherwood Method
AP Axial Oblique
Lat Rotn - Ankle
41
Demo posterior talar articulation of STJ
Isherwood Method
AP Axial Oblique
Medial Rotn - Ankle
42
RP: Base - 3rd metatarsal
1. Axial (Plantodorsal) - Calcaneus
2. AP / AP Axial - Foot
3. APO - Medial Rotn - Foot
4. APO - Lat Rotn - Foot
5. Grashey Method - PAO - Medial/Lat Rotn - Foot
6. Lat (Mediolat) - Foot
7. WB Method - Lat (Lateromedial) - Longit Arch - Foot
8. WB Method - AP Axial - Foot
9. WB Composite Method - AP Axial - 1st expo - Foot
43
CRD: 40deg cephalic - 36-40" - RP - MP - IR
Axial (Plantodorsal) Calcaneus
44
RP: 1" distal - medial malleolus
Axial (Plantodorsal) Calcaneus
45
Standing - unaffected LE - drawn backward
Weight-bearing Method
Lateromedial Oblique Proj (Calcaneus)
46
RP: Lat malleolus
1. Weight-bearing Method
Lateromedial Oblique Calcaneus
2. Weight-bearing Composite Method
AP Axial Foot - 2nd exposure
47
CRD: 45deg Medial - 36-40" - RP - MP - IR
Weight-bearing Method
Lateromedial Oblique Proj (Calcaneus)
48
Demo calcaneal tuberosity and stress fx
Weight-bearing Method
Lateromedial Oblique Proj (Calcaneus)
49
CRD my be perp or 10deg posterior to reduce metatarsal foreshortening and demo tarsometatarsal jt
AP/ AP Axial Foot
50
Demo tarsals anterior to talus, metatarsals, and phalanges
AP/ AP Axial Foot
51
Used for localizing foreign bodies and determining the location of fragments in fractures of the metatarsals and anterior tarsals
AP/ AP Axial Foot
52
Used in performing general surveys of the bones of foot
AP/ AP Axial Foot
53
Demo interspace bn cuboid and calcaneus
APO Medial Rotn Foot
54
Demo interspace bn cuboid and 4th/5th metatarsals
1. APO Medial Rotn Foot
2. PAO Medial Rotn Foot
55
Demo interspace bn cuboid and Lat cuneiform
APO Medial Rotn Foot
56
Demo interspace bn talus and navicular
APO Medial Rotn Foot
57
Demo sinus tarsi, and cuboid in profile
APO Medial Rotn Foot
58
Better demonstrates foot jt spaces
APO Foot with 45deg Medial Rotn
59
Demo interspace bn 1st and 2nd metatarsals
1. APO Lat Rotn Foot
2. Grashey Method PAO - 30deg Medial Rotn - Foot
60
Demo interspace bn Medial and inermedial cuneiforms
APO Lat Rotn Foot
61
Demo interspace bn 2nd and 3rd metatarsals, 3rd and 4th metatarsals , and 4th and 5th metatarsals
Grashey Method PAO - 20deg Lat Rotn - Foot
62
Demo navicular, medial cuneifrom, and interspaces of the prox end of metacarpals
Grashey Method
PAO
Medial/ Lat Rotn (Foot)
63
RP: Base of 5th metatarsal
PAO Medial Rotn (Foot)
64
Demo articulation bn cuboid with the adjacent bones (the calcaneus, lateral cuneiform, and 4th and 5th metatarsals)
PAO Medial Rotn (Foot)
65
Demo interspace bn navicular and cuneiform
PAO Medial Rotn Foot
66
Recommended for exact positioning of foot in tru lat
Lateral (Lateromedial) Foot
67
Demo structural status of longi arch
Weight-bearing Method
Lat Proj (Lateromedial) Foot
Longitudinal arch
68
CRD: 10-15deg posterior - 48" SID - MP - IR
Weight-bearing Method
AP Axial Foot
69
Demo both feer in wt bearing for comparison of tarsals and metatarsals
Weight-bearing Method
AP Axial Foot
70
Purpose of the 48" SID in Wt bearing method, Axial Proj of foot
To reduce magnification and improve detail
71
Wt Bearing Composite Method AP Axial Foot
1st expo vs 2nd expo (RP, CRD)
1st
RP: Base - 3rd metatarsal - unaffected limb - backward
CR: 15deg posterior
2nd
RP: Lat malleolus - unaffected limb 0 forward
CR: 25deg anterior
72
Demo full outline of foot in wt bearing
Weight-bearing Composite Method
AP Axial Foot
73
Increase exposure factors for 2nd exposure
Weight-bearing Composite Method
AP Axial Foot
74
Demo anatomy of foot and bone ossification centers of tarsal
Kite Methods
AP and Lat (Congenital Clubfoot)
75
RP: Tarsal
AP of Congenital Clubfoot
76
CRD: 15deg posterior
1. Wt Bearing Composite AP Axial Foot - 1st expo
2. AP of Congenital Clubfoot
77
Demo degree of adduction of forefoot and degree of inversion of calcaneus
AP of Congenital Clubfoot
78
Demo true relationship of bones and ossification centers
AP of Congenital Clubfoot
Kite reco with perp CR
79
Demo anterior talar subluxation and degree of plantar flexion (Equinus)
Lat of Congenital Clubfoot
80
RP: Midtarsal
Lat of Congenital Clubfoot
81
Recommended to place plywood aagins sole of foot to dorsiflex; upright rad'phy for child/ adult
Freiberg, Hersh, Harrison
(Lat of Congenital Clubfoot)
82
Recommended tomography to demo coalition at middle facets/ hidden coalition
Conway and Cowell
(Lat of Congenital Clubfoot)
83
RP: Calacneus
Kandel Method
Axial Proj (Dorsoplantar) of Congenital Clubfoot
84
CR: 40deg anterior - 36-40" - RP - MP - IR
Kandel Method
Axial Proj (Dorsoplantar) of Congenital Clubfoot
85
Demo axial img of congenital clubfoot
Kandel Method
Axial Proj (Dorsoplantar) of Congenital Clubfoot
86
Evaluates sustentaculum talar jt fusion
Freiberg, Hersh, and Harrison: 35, 45, 55deg varying angulations
(Axial Proj (Dorsoplantar) of )Congenital Clubfoot
87
