Lower limb xray

Question 1

toes DP position

Answer 1

seat on table
flex knee
place on 15 pad/angle tube 15

Question 2

toes dp centring point

Answer 2

third metatarso-phalangeal joint
or affected toe

Question 3

toes dp essential image characteristics

Answer 3

entire toes to metatarsals
or each toe either side of affected toe

Question 4

lateral big toe position

Answer 4

rotate from dp until medial side of big toe contacts detector
pull other toes away

Question 5

lateral big toe centring point

Answer 5

metatarso-phalangial joint

Question 6

lateral big toe essential image characteristics

Answer 6

collimation: distal 2/3 metatarsal and all phalanges
joints clear

Question 7

toes oblique position

Answer 7

rotate medially 45

Question 8

toes oblique centring point

Answer 8

third metatarso-phalangeal joint

Question 9

toes oblique essential image characteristics

Answer 9

collimation: proximal metatarsal and phalanges
if not all toes, toes adjacent to affected aswell

Question 10

foot dp position

Answer 10

seat on table
knee flex
on 15 pad or rotate tube 15

Question 11

foot dp centring point

Answer 11

cuboid navicular joint

Question 12

foot dp essential image characteristics

Answer 12

lateral and medial malleoli included
visible joints
collimation: entire foot

Question 13

foot oblique position

Answer 13

rotate medially to 45 from dp position

Question 14

foot oblique centring point

Answer 14

cuboid navicular joint

Question 15

foot oblique collimation

Answer 15

entire foot

Question 16

foot lateral erect position

Answer 16

bad foot forward and weight bearing
lateral part of foot contact detector

Question 17

foot lateral erect centring point

Answer 17

base of first metatarsal

Question 18

foot lateral essential characteristics

Answer 18

arches of foot shown
collimation: phalanges to calcaneum
may do both feet to compare

Question 19

axial calcaneum position

Answer 19

seated on table
dorsiflex ankle

Question 20

axial calcaneum centring point

Answer 20

tube cranial 40
plantar aspect of heel at level of 5th metatarsal tubercule

Question 21

axial calcaneum essential image characteristics

Answer 21

collimation: soft tissue borders, whole calcaneum
subtalar joint and sustentaculum tali visible

Question 22

AP ankle position (mortise joint)

Answer 22

seat on table or supine
extend leg and dorsiflex ankle
rotate medially slightly so malleoli equidistant

Question 23

AP ankle centring point

Answer 23

midway between malleoli

Question 24

AP ankle essential image characteristics

Answer 24

clear joint spaces
collimation: distal 1/3 tib fib to 5th metatarsal base

Question 25

lateral ankle position

Answer 25

turn onto affected side still dorsiflex from ap

Question 26

lateral ankle centring point

Answer 26

medial malleolus

Question 27

lateral ankle essential image characteristics

Answer 27

medial lateral borders of trochlear articular surface of talus superimposed collimation: distal 1/3 tib fib, calcaneum, base of 5th metatarsal

Question 28

AP tib fib position

Answer 28

supine, extend legs, dorsiflex ankle rotate medially so malleoli equidistant

Question 29

AP tib fib centring point

Answer 29

midway of tibia

Question 30

AP tib fib collimation

Answer 30

knee to ankle joint

Question 31

lateral tib fib position

Answer 31

from ap, turn onto affected side superimpose malleoli by rotating

Question 32

lateral tib fib centring point

Answer 32

midway of tibia

Question 33

lateral tib fib collimation

Answer 33

knee to ankle joint

Question 34

AP knee position

Answer 34

weight bearing normally rotate so patella lies equally between condyles

Question 35

AP knee centring point

Answer 35

1cm below apex of patella

Question 36

AP knee collimation

Answer 36

whole knee, distal femur, proximal tib fib

Question 37

lateral knee position

Answer 37

patient turns to side and flexes knee 45 femoral condyles superimposed angle tube 5

Question 38

lateral knee centring point

Answer 38

superior border of medial tibial condyle

Question 39

lateral knee essential image characteristics

Answer 39

patella clear of femur fibula head 1/3 superimposed behind tibia collimation: distal 1/3 femur, proximal 1/3 tib fib

Question 40

AP femur position

Answer 40

supine extend leg internally rotate to centralise patella

Question 41

AP femur centring point

Answer 41

midshaft of femur

Question 42

AP femur collimation

Answer 42

hip to knee joints

Question 43

lateral femur position

Answer 43

from AP, turn onto affected side, flex knee slightly superimpose femoral condyles

Question 44

lateral femur centring point

Answer 44

midshaft of femur

Question 45

lateral femur collimation

Answer 45

hip to knee joints

Question 46

Lateral calcaneum position

Answer 46

Lie on affected side Malleoli superimposed Dorsiflexion

Question 47

Lateral calcaneum centring point

Answer 47

2.5cm distal to medial malleolus

Question 48

Lateral calcaneum collimation

Answer 48

Entire calcaneum