Lower limb, SI Joint, Gait Analysis and Deviations

Question 1

DECREASED/SHORTENED Step Length
Contralateral Hip Flexion Contracture/Tightness

Answer 1

Decreased/Shortened LEFT Step Length

A: Contracture/Tightness of RIGHT Hip Flexors

Question 2

Initial Contact made by FOREFOOT
Heel contact to the ground by a posterior displacement of TIBIA at MIDSTANCE

Answer 2

-Plantarflexion Contracture (pes equinus)
-Ankle plantarflexors Spasticity

-UMNL (CP, CVA)
-Fusion in a Plantar flexed position

-Knee Hyperextension during stance phase (inability of the tibia to move forward over the foot
-TERMINAL STANCE: Hip flexion & excessive forward trunk lean

Question 3

MIDSTANCE & TERMINAL STANCE: Forward bending of the Trunk

Answer 3

-Hip flexion contracture
-Hip pain

-Hip OA

-Forward Trunk lean (compensation for lack of hip extension)
-Increased lumbar lordosis ( alternate adaptation )
-keeping Hip at 30^ flexion to minimize pressure

Question 4

Increased Lumbar Lordosis in TERMINAL STANCE

Answer 4

-Hip flexion contracture

-Arthritis

-Lack of hip extension in terminal stance is compensated by increased lordosis

Question 5

INITIAL SWING: Posterior pelvic tilt

Answer 5

-Hip flexor weakness

-L2-L3 nerve compression

-used of ABDOMINALS during Initial swing to advance the leg

Question 6

EXCESSIVE ANTEVERSION

Answer 6

RELATED:
1. Toeing-in
2. Subtalar pronation
3. Lateral patellar subluxation
4. Medial tibial & femoral torsion

COMPENSATION:
1.Lateral tibial torsion
2. Lateral rotation knee
3. Lateral rotation of tibia, femur, and or pelvis
4. Lumbar rotation on same side

Question 7

EXCESSIVE RETROVERSION

Answer 7

Related:
1. Toeing-out
2. Subtalar supination
3. Lateral tibial torsion
4. Lateral femoral torsion

Compensation:
1. Medial rotation at knee
2. Medial rotation of tibia, femur, and pelvis
3. Lumbar rotation on OPPOSITE side

Question 8

COXA VARA

Answer 8

RELATED:
1. Pronated subtalar
2. Medial rotation leg
3. SHORT ipsilateral leg
4. ANTERIOR pelvic rotation

COMPENSATION:
1. I/L subtalar supination
2. C/L subtalar pronation
3. I/L plantar flexion
4. C/L genu recurvatum
5. C/L Hip & knee flexion
6. I/L POSTERIOR pelvic rotation & I/L lumbar rotation

Question 9

COXA VALGA

Answer 9

RELATED:
1. Supinated subtalar
2. Lateral rotation of leg
3. LONG I/L leg
4. Posterior pelvi tilt

COMPENSATED:
1. I/L Subtalar pronation
2. C/L subtalar supination
3. C/L plantar flexion
4. I/L genu recurvatum
5. I/L hip & knee flexion
6. I/L anterior pelvic rotation & C/L lumbar rotation

Question 10

GENU VALGUM

Answer 10

CORRELATED:
1. Pes planus
2. Excessive subtalar pronation
3. Lateral tibial torsion
4. Lateral patellar subluxation
5. Excessive hip adduction
6. I/L hp excessive medial rotation
7. Lumbar spine C/L rotation

COMPENSATORY:
1. Forefoot varus
2. Excessive subtalar supination
3. Toeing-in
4. I/L pelvic lateral rotation

Question 11

GENU VARUM

Answer 11

CORRELATED:
1. Tibial Varum
2. Medial tibial torsion
3. I/L hip lateral rotation
4. Excessive hip abduction

COMPENSATED:
1. Forefoot valgus
2. Excessive subtalar supination
3. I/L pelvic medial rotation

Question 12

GENU RECURVATUM

Answer 12

CORRELATED:
1. Ankle PF
2. Excessive APT

COMPENSATED:
1. PPT
2. Flexed trunk posture
3. Excessive thoracic kyphosis

Question 13

LATERAL TIBIAL TORSION

Answer 13

CORRELATED:
1. Toeing.-out
2. Excessive subtalar supination

COMPENSATED:
1. Forefoot varus
2. Excessive Subtalar pronation

Question 14

MEDIAL TIBIAL TORSION

Answer 14

CORRELATED:
1. In-toeing
2. Metatarsus adductus
3. Excessive subtalar pronation

COMPENSATED:
1. Forefoot valgus
2. Excessive subtalar supination

Question 15

BOWLEG DEFORMITY OF TIBIA (TIBIAL VARUM)

Answer 15

CORRELATED:
1. Medial tibial torsion

COMPENSATED:
1. Forefoot valgus
2. Excessive subtalar pronation