Lower Limb Model Flashcards
1
a. action
b. innervation
Iliacus Muscle
a. stabilizes and flexes thigh (at hip joint)
b. femoral nerve (L2 and L3)
2
a. action
b. innervation
Psoas major muscle
a. stabilizes and flexes thigh (at hip joint)
b. ventral rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3)
3
a. action
b. innervation
tensor fascia latae muscle
a. abducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
- helps keep knee extended
- steadies trunk on thigh
b. superior gluteal n (L4 and L5)
4
Iliotibial tract
6
a. action
b. innervation
Gluteus medius muscle
a. abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level (when opposite leg is raised)
b. superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)
7
a. action
b. innervation
Gluteus minimus muscle
a. abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level (when opposite leg is raised)
b. superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)
8
a. action
b. innervation
Obturator internus muscle
a. abducts the flexed thigh;
laterally rotates the extended thigh; keeps head of femur in acetabulum
b. Nerve to obturator internus
9
a. action
b. innervation
Piriformus muscle
a. abducts the flexed thigh;
laterally rotates the extended thigh; keeps head of femur in acetabulum
b. Nerve to piriformis (S1 and S2)
10
a. action
b. innervation
Superior gemellus muscle
a. abducts the flexed thigh;
laterally rotates the extended thigh; keeps head of femur in acetabulum
b. same as Nerve to obturator internus
11
a. action
b. innervation
Inferior gemellus muscle
a. abducts the flexed thigh;
laterally rotates the extended thigh; keeps head of femur in acetabulum
b. same as Nerve to quadratis femoris
12
a. action
b. innervation
Quadratus femoris muscle
a. laterally rotates thigh, keeps head of femur in acetabulum
b. Nerve to quadratus femoris
13
a. action
b. innervation
Sartorius muscle
a. abducts, flexes, and laterally rotates the thigh
b. femoral nerve
14
a. action
b. innervation
Rectus femoris muscle
a. action: extend leg; steadies hip joint, helps iliopsoas to flex thigh
b. innervation: femoral nerve
15
Vastus medialis muscle
a. action: extend leg
b. innervation: femoral nerve
17
Vastus lateralis muscle
a. action: extend leg
b. innervation: femoral nerve
18
a. main action
b. innervation
Pectineus muscle
a. adducts and flexes thigh; medially rotates thigh
b. femoral nerve (and oburator nerve)
19
a. action
b. innervation
Adductor longus muscle
a. adducts thigh
b. obturator nerve (from anterior division)
20
a. action
b. innervation
Gracilis muscle
a. adducts thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially
b. oburator nerve
21
Adductor brevis muscle
a. adducts thigh (also can flex it)
b. obturator nerve (from anterior division)
25
a. action
b. innervation
Long head of biceps femoris muscle
a. extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg laterally (when knee is flexed)
b. tibial nerve
26
a. action
b. innervation
Short head of biceps femoris muscle
a. extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg laterally (when knee is flexed)
b. common peroneal nerve
27
a. action
b. innervation
Semitendinosus muscle
a. extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially (when knee is flexed)
b. tibial nerve
28
a. action
b. innervation
Semimembranosus muscle
a. extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially (when knee is flexed)
b. tibial nerve
29
a. action
b. innervation
Tibialis anterior muscle
a. dorsiflexes ankle; inverts foot
b. deep peroneal nerve (L4 and L5)
30
a. action
b. innervation
Extensor digitorum longus muscle
a. extends lateral 4 digits; dorsiflexes ankle
b. deep peroneal nerve (L5 and S1)
31
a. action
b. innervation
Extensor hallucis longus muscle
a. extends big toe; dorsiflexes ankle
b. deep peroneal nerve (L5 and S1)
32
a. action
b. innervation
Fibularis longus muscle
a. everts foot and weakly plantarflexes the ankle
b. superficial peroneal nerve
33
a. action
b. innervation
Fibularis brevis muscle
a. everts foot and weakly plantarflexes the ankle
b. superficial peroneal nerve
34 and 35
a. action
b. innervation
34 - Medial head of gastrocnemius muscle
35 - Lateral head
a. plantarflexes ankle (when knee is extended), raises heel during walking, flexes leg at knee joint
b. tibial nerve
36
a. action
b. innervation
Plantaris muscle
a. weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle and flexing knee
b. tibial nerve
37
a. action
b. innervation
Soleus muscle
a. plantarflexes ankle, steadies leg on foot
b. tibial nerve
38
Calcaneal Tendon
39
a. action
b. innervation
Popliteus muscle
a. weakly flexes knee and unlocks it
b. tibial nerve
40
a. action
b. innervation
Flexor digitorum longus muscle
a. flexes lateral 4 digits and plantarflexes the ankle; supports longitudinal arches of foot
41
a. action
b. innervation
Flexor hallucis longus muscle
a. flexes great toe and weakly plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arches of the foot
b. tibial nerve
60
Inguinal ligament
61
Interpubic disc (Pubic Symphysis)
64
Sacrospinous ligament
65
Sacrotuberous ligament
76 and 77
Medial and Lateral malleolus
78
Superior Extensor Retinaculum
79
Flexor retinaculum
81
Calcaneus
84
Common iliac artery
85
Common iliac vein
91
a. origin
b. course
c. distribution
Obturator artery
a. internal iliac artery
b. through obturator foramen, medial compartment of thigh, divides into anterior/posterior branches
c. obturator externus, pectineus, adductors of thigh, gracilis
92
Obturator nerve
93
Femoral nerve
94
a. origin
b. course
c. distribution
Femoral artery
a. continues from external iliac artery
b. descends through femoral triangle, transverses adductor canal, and changes to “popliteal artery” at the adductor hiatus
c. supplies anterior and anteromedial surface of thigh
95
Femoral vein
96
Sciatic nerve
98
Inferior gluteal nerve
99
a. course
b. distribution
Inferior gluteal artery
a. enters gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen, descends on medial side of sciatic nerve, anastamoses with superior gluteal artery and involved in cruciate anastamosis of thigh
b. supplies gluteus maximus, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, and superior hamstrings
100
a. course
b. distribution
Internal pudendal artery
a. enters gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen; descends posterior to ischial spine, enters perineum through lesser sciatic foramen
b. supplies external genitalia and muscles in the perineal region (does not supply gluteal region)
101
Pudendal nerve
