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MRCEM Primary AH > Lower Limb Anatomy > Flashcards

Lower Limb Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Floor of Femoral triangle

A

PIPA- Pectineus, Iliacus, Psoas major, Adductor longus

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2
Q

Anterior and Posterior wall of Femoral sheath

A

Anterior - Fascia Transversalis
Posterior- Fascia Iliaca

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3
Q

Content - Lateral compartment of Femoral sheath

A

Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
Femoral artery

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4
Q

Strongest ligament of the Body?

A

Iliofemoral Ligament (Ligamentum Bigelow)

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5
Q

AIIS attachment?

A

Rectus femoris
Iliofemoral ligament

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6
Q

ASIS attachment?

A

Sartorius
Inguinal ligament

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7
Q

Principle External Rotator of Hip

A

Gluteus Maximum

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8
Q

Principle Internal rotators of hip?

A

Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Tensor fascia lata

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9
Q

Abductors of hip?

A

Gluteus family
Tensor fascia lata
Sartorius

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10
Q

Name of Lymph node in Medial compartment of Femoral sheath

A

Cloquet nodes

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11
Q

Flexors of thigh at hip joint?

A

RIPPS

Rectus femoris
Iliacus
Psoas major
Pectineus
Sartorius

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12
Q

Tronchanteric fossa of femur insertions?

A

Obturator externus
Obturator internus
Sup and inf gemelli
Piriformis (inward projection of greater tronchanter)

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13
Q

Muscle attached to lesser trochanter of femur?

A

Iliopsoas

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14
Q

Action of Gluteus Max?

A

Extension
Abduction
Lateral rotation

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15
Q

Action of glut medius and minimus?

A

Abduction
Medial rotation (ant fibers)
Stabilise hip (acting from below)

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16
Q

Nerve involved in Tredenlenberg sign?

A

Superior gluteal nerve ( dorsal division of L4, L5, S1)

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17
Q

Key muscle in gluteal region to identify other structure?

A

Piriformis (NV structures passing above and below it)

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18
Q

Root value of Femoral Nerve

A

Dorsal/Posterior division L2, L3, L4

19
Q

Which artery divides femoral nerve into what division?

A

Lateral circumflex femoral artery; Anterior & Posterior division

20
Q

Branches of Femoral nerve from trunk?

A

Branch To Iliacus, Branch To Pectineus

21
Q

Branches of Femoral nerve from Anterior division?

A

2 Cutaneous (medial & intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh) , 1 Motor (sartorius)

22
Q

Branches of Femoral nerve from Posterior division?

A

1 cutaneous (Saphenous), 1 motor (Quads)

Remember-Femoral nerve supplies only Anterior compartment of thigh (Sartorius +Quads) so since the anterior division has supplied Sartorius already, only Quads are left to be supplied by posterior division of Femoral nerve.

23
Q

Longest cutaneous nerve?

A

Saphenous nerve (branch of Posterior division of femoral nerve).
Carries sensation from medial side of leg upto ball of great toe.

24
Q

Muscles of Adductor (medial) compartment

A

Obturator externus, Gracilis, Adductor brevis, longus, magnus (O.G Adductor)

25
Q

Structures passing through Adductor hiatus?

A

NOVA (NO-Nerve obturator)
1)Femoral artery
2)Femoral vein
3)Posterior division of obturator nerve- Supplies popliteal artery and knee joint.

26
Q

Nerve affected in ovarian pathology?

A

Obturator nerve (pain radiates to medial side of thigh)
Obturator nerve lies in lateral wall of ovarian fossa

27
Q

Course & supply of Obturator nerve

A

Passes ovarian fossa- Passes obturator foramen - Anterior & Posterior division
Anterior division - GAP In Femoral Hip (Gracilis, Adductor longus, Pectineus, Femoral artery, Hip joint)
Posterior division - O. A Popliteal Knee (Adductor magnus, Obturator externus, Popliteal artery, Knee joint)

Adductor brevis supplied by both division.

28
Q

Origin and action of Rectus femoris

A

AIIS, Flexion of hip

29
Q

Linea Aspera- (Medial to lateral attachment)

A

VM - Medial IMS - A. Brevis, Longus and Magnus- Posterior IMS- Biceps femoris (short head) - Lateral IMS- VL

30
Q

Locking of knee (muscle)?

A

Quadriceps femoris

31
Q

Subsartorial plexus (location and composition)?

A

Lower border of Adductor longus

Made by- Anterior division of obturator nerve, Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh (branch from Anterior division of femoral nerve), Saphenous nerve (branch from Posterior division of femoral nerve)

32
Q

Actions of Sartorius

A

Hip Flexion
Abduction at hip joint
Lateral rotation at hip joint

33
Q

Joints involved in inversion and eversion of foot?

A

Subtalar
Transverse tarsal

34
Q

Nerve involved on myalgia parasthetica?

A

Lateral Femoral Cut Nerve (passes below inguinal ligament)

35
Q

Tibial nerve root supply?

A

L4 - S3

36
Q

Knee Flexion Ms?

A

Hamstrings
Gracilis

-Gastrocnemius (All sup post compartment ms of leg)
-Soleus
-Plantaris

37
Q

Oblique popliteal ligament is the extension of?

A

Semimembranosus

38
Q

Sartorius action?

A

Flexion of Hip
Flexion of knee
Abduction and Lateral rotation of hip

39
Q

Origin of femoral sheath

A

Extraperitoneal fascia

40
Q

Principle lateral rotators of hip?
Hint: All muscles insert at trochanteric fossa and projection.

A

6 Muscles

Piriformis
Obturator externus and internus
2 gemelli
Quadratus femoris

41
Q

Ligament affected in flat foot?

A

Spring Ligament (CalcaneoNavicular)
- Supports Med Longitudinal Arch and head of Talus

42
Q

Sural nerve is the branch of?

A

Tibial Nerve

Supplies:
Lower posterolateral leg
Heel
Foot

43
Q

Lateral Sural cut nerve is the branch of?

A

Common Peroneal nerve

Supplies:

Upper lateral leg

44
Q

Common peroneal nerve root value

A

L4 — S2

MRCEM Primary AH (2 decks)

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