Lower limb Flashcards
Name the medial ligaments of the foot. Which are the deltoid ligaments?
Anterior Tibiotalar (Deep), Posterior Tibiotalar, Tibiocalcaneal, Tibionavicular
What is the angle of dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion and eversion?
Dorsiflexion is 20-30 degrees.
Plantarflexion is 40-50 degrees.
Inversion is 50-60 degrees.
Eversion is 20-30 degrees.
Which nerve supplies the muscles in the posterior compartment of the lower leg? Give the nerve origin.
Tibial nerve L4 to S3
Which nerve supplies the dorsiflexors of the lower leg? Give the nerve origin.
Deep fibular/peroneal nerve L4 to S2
Name the spring ligament
Plantar Calcaneonavicular ligament
Name the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment of the lower leg
Tibialis anterior, Extensor Hallucis Longus, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Fibularis Tertius
Name the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. Separate them into the superficial and deep layers. What structure separates these two layers?
Transverse intermuscular septum separates the deep and superficial layers of the posterior compartment muscles.
Superficial layer: Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris
Deep layer: Tibialis posterior, Flexor hallucis longus, Flexor digitorum longus, Popliteus (only at the top)
Name the 2 muscles in the lateral compartment of the lower leg
Fibularis brevis and Fibularis Longus
Name the lateral ligaments of the foot
Posterior talofibular, anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular
Name the ankle joint
Talocrural joint
What are the 2 joints that makes up the transverse mid-tarsal joint?
Talonavicular part of the TCN joint + Calcaneocuboid joint
Inversion and eversion of foot occurs at which joint?
Subtalar joint
Which nerve innervates the muscles of the lateral compartment of the lower leg?
Superficial fibular nerve
Femoral vein empties into external or internal iliac vein?
Inferior and superior gluteal veins empty into the external or internal iliac vein?
Femoral vein empties into the external iliac vein.
Superior and inferior gluteal vein empty into the internal iliac vein.
Name 2 superficial veins of the lower limb
Great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein.
Describe the progress of the great saphenous vein as it moves up the leg.
Describe the progress of the small saphenous vein as it moves up the leg.
Great saphenous vein: Pass anteriorly to the medial malleolus at the ankle and posteriorly to the medial condyle at the knee.
Small saphenous vein: Pass posteriorly to the lateral malleolus and moves between the two heads of the gastrocnemius.
The lesser trochanter is located on the anterior or posterior surface of the femur?
posterior surface
The gluteal tuberosity is located on the anterior or posterior surface of the femur?
posterior surface of femur
The intertrochanteric line is on the anterior or posterior surface of the femur?
Anterior surface. The intertrochanteric fossa and crest are on the posterior side of the femur.
Name the rotator muscles of the hip joint
Piriformis, Quadratus femoris, obturator internus, gamelli (inferior and superior)
What are the innervations of the rotator muscles of the hip joint?
Piriformis: Nerve branches from L5, S1, S2
Obturator internus: Nerve to obturator internus
Gamellus superior: Nerve to obturator internus
Gamellus inferior: Nerve to quadratus femoris
Quadratus femoris: Nerve to quadratus femoris
Which nerve supplies the anterior part of the hip?
The posterior part of the hip?
The anteromedial part of the hip?
Anterior part of hip: Femoral nerve
Posterior part of hip: Sciatic nerve
Anteromedial part of hip: Obturator nerve
The semitendinosus muscle and semimembranosus muscle are in the anterior or posterior compartment of the thigh? State their position in relation to each other.
Both are in the posterior compartment of the thigh.
Semitendinosus is superior and more lateral to semimembranosus.
What is the mnemonic for the lumbar plexus? State what nerves makes up this plexus.
ItcHy IGor Gets Laid On Fridays Luckily. I--H: Iliohypogastic IG: Ilioinguinal G: Genitofemoral L: Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh O: Obturator F: Femoral L: Lumbosacral trunk
