Lower Limb Flashcards by Muntasir Chowdhury

Iliopsoas

Origin ilium and T12-L5
Insertion femur

flex hip
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Pectineous

Origin pubis
Insertion femur

flex hip
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Sartorious

Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Insertion: Tibia

Flex both hip and knee
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Rectus Femorus

Origin: anterio inferior iliac spine
Insertion: patella

Extend the knee , flex the hip
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Vastus Lateralis

Origin femur
Insertion patella

extend knee
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Vastus Medialus

Origin femur
Insertion patella

extend knee
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Vastus Intermedias

Origin femur
Insertion patella

extend knee
anterior thigh
femoral nerve

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Gracilis

Origin Pubis
Insert Tibia

Adduction of hip
Obturator Nerve
medial thigh

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Adductor Brevis

Origin Pubis
Insert Linea Aspera

Adduction of hip
Obturator Nerve
medial thigh

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Adductor Longus

Origin Pubis
Insert Linea Aspera

Adduction of hip
Obturator Nerve
medial thigh

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Adductor Magnus

Origin Pubis, Ischium
Insert Linea Aspera
Adduction of hip
Obturator Nerve
medial thigh

hamstring part 
Origin Ischial Tuberosity
Insert Adductor Tubercle of the Femur
Sciatic Nerve
extend hip

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Obturator externus

Origin Obturator membrane
Insert femur
Adduction of hip
Obturator Nerve
Gluteal Region

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Gluteus Maximus

Origin Ilium,sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Insert femur and IT band

Extend and laterally rotate hip
IT band keeps leg extended
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Gluteal Region

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Gluteus Medius

Origin Ilium
Insert Greater Trochanter

Abduct and Medial Rotate Hip
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Support weight when lift opposite leg
Gluteal Region

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Gluteus Minimus

Origin Ilium
Insert Greater Trochanter

Abduct and Medial Rotate Femur
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Support weight when lift opposite leg
Gluteal Region

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Tensior Fascia Lata

Origin Ilium
Insert IT Band

Abduct femur (also keeps leg extended via iliotibial
tract)
superior gluteal nerve
Gluteal Region

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Piriformis

Origin Sacrum
Insert Greater Trochanter

nerve to piriformis
laterally rotate femur
Gluteal Region

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Obturator Internus

Origin Obturator Membrane
Insert Greater Trochanter

nerve to obturator internus
laterally rotate femur
Gluteal Region

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Superior Gemellous

Origin Ischial Spine
Insert Greater Trochanter

nerve to obutrator internus
laterally rotate femur
Gluteal Region

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Inferior Gemellous

Origin Ischial Tuberosity
Insert Greater Trochanter

nerve to quadratus femoris
laterally rotate femur
Gluteal Region

Quadratus Femoris

Origin Ischial Tuberosity
Insert Femur

nerve to quadratus femoris
laterally rotate femur
Gluteal Region

Semimembranous

Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion: Tibia

Action: Extend hip & flex knee

Nerve: Tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Semitendinosous

Origin Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion Tibia

Action flex knee and extends hip

Innervation Tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Bicep Femois long head

Origin ischial tuberosity
Insert fibula

Action extension of the hip & flex knee

Nerve tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Bicep Femoris Short Head

Origin Femur Insertion fibula Action Flexion of the knee Common fibula nerve of the sciatic nerve

Popliteus muscle

Origin femur Insert tibia Laterally rotate the femur (unlock knee joint) Tibial nerve

Gastrocnemius

Origin femur Insert Calcaneous Plantar flexion of foot and weakly flexes the knee Tibial nerve

Soles

Origin soleal line of tibia and fibula Insert Calcaneus Plantar flex the foot Tibial nerve

Plantaris

Origin Femur Insert Calcaneus Plantar flex foot Tibial Nerve

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Origin Fibula Insert Distal Phalanx of big toe Plantar flex both big toe and foot Tibial nerve

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Origin Tibia Insert Distal Phalanges of lateral 4 toes Plantar flex both later 4 toes and the foot Tibial Nerve

Tibialis Posterior

Origin Tibia, Fibula, Interosseous Membrane Insert Navicular bone, cuneiform, cuboid, Metatarsal 2-4 Plantar flex foot and inverts foot Tibial Nerve

Tibialis Anterior

Origin Tibia insert medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal Dorsiflex foot invert foot Deep peroneal nerve

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Origin Fibula and Interosseus Membrane Insert Distal Phalanx of big toe Dorsiflex foot and extend toe Deep peroneal nerve

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Origin Tibia, fibula,interosseus membran Insert Extensor expansions of lateral 4 toes Dorsiflex foot and extend toes Deep peroneal nerve

Peroneus tertius

Origin fibula and interosseus membrane Insert 5th metatarsal Dorsiflex foot & evert foot Deep peroneal nerve

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Origin Calcaneus Insert exetensor expansion of toes 2-4 Extend toes Deep Peroneal Nerve

Peroneus Longus

Origin Fibula Insert 1st metarsal and medial cuneiform Evert foot Superficial peroneal nerve

peroneus brevis

Origin Fibula Insert 5th metatarsal Evert foot Superficial peroneal nerve

Abductor hallucis

Abduct and flex big toe Medial plantar nerve

Abductor digiti minimi

Abduct and flex little toe Lateral plantar nerve

Flexor digitorum brevis

Flex lateral 4 toes | Medial plantar nerve

Quadratus plantae

Assist in flexing lateral four toes | Lateral plantar nerve

Lumbricals

Flex toes at metarsophlangeal joints Extend toes at interphalangeal joints Innervation for lumbrical 1 is medial plantar nerve Lumbricals 2-4 is lateral plantar nerve

Flexor hallucis brevis

Flex big toe Medial plantar nerve

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Flex little toe | Lateral plantar nerve

Adductor hallucis

Adduct and flex big toe Lateral plantar nerve

Plantar interosseus muscle

Adduct toes and flex metatarsophalangeal join | Lateral plantar nerve

Dorsal Interosseus muscles

Abduct toes and flex metatarsophalangeal joint Lateral plantar nerve