Lower Limb Flashcards
What are the transition areas of the lower limb?
Femoral triangle
Popliteal fossa
Tarsal tunnel
Mnemonic for 7 tarsal bones
Come and Catch Navy TuCker
Classification of hip joint
Synovial ball & socket
Articulating surfaces of hip joint
Head of femur with acetabulum of pelvis deepened by acetabular labrum
Ligaments of hip joint
Iliofemoral ligament Ischiofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament Acetabular labrum Zona orbicularis Transverse acetabular ligament Ligament of head of femur
What is so special about the iliofemoral ligament, ischiofemoral ligament & pubofemoral ligament?
3 extra capsular ligaments of hip joint
They are spirally oriented around the hip joint.
Become taut when hip is extended which stabilises the joint & reduces the amount of energy needed to stand upright.
What’s so special about the ligament of head of femur?
Is the only intracapsular hip ligament
Classification of sacroiliac joint
Synovial plane
Articulating surfaces of sacroiliac joint
Auricular surface of ilium with auricular surface of sacrum
Ligaments of sacroiliac joint
Interosseous ligament
Anterior & posterior sacroiliac ligaments
Sacrotuberous ligament
Sacrospinous ligament
Classification of pubic symphysis
Cartilaginous (symphysis)
Articulating surfaces of pubic symphysis
Pubic bones Symphyseal surfaces (fibrocartilage disc)
Ligaments of pubic symphysis
Superior & inferior pubic ligaments
Articulating surfaces of subtalar joint
Inferior surface of talus (posterior calcaneal facet)
Superior surface calcaneus (posterior talar facet)
Classification of talocalcaneonavicular joint
Synovial ball-&-socket
Articulating surfaces of talocalcaneonavicular joint
Head of talus
Socket: navicular, calcaneus (ant. & med. facets) & plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Classification of calcaneocuboid joint
Synovial saddle
Ligaments of calcaneocuboid joint
Bifurcate ligament
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Muscles in gluteal/hip region
Gluteus maximus, medius & minimus Piriformis Superior & inferior gemellus Obturators internus & externus Quadratus femoris
Muscles in anterior compartment of thigh
Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Iliopsoas
Muscles in medial compartment of thigh
Adductors magnus, longus & brevis
Pectine
Gracilis
Muscles in posterior compartment of thigh
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Muscles in anterior compartment of leg
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus (inc. peroneus tertius)
Muscles in lateral compartment of leg
Peroneus longus & brevis
Muscles in posterior compartment of leg
Gastrocnemius Soleus Planteris Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Popliteus
