Lower Limb Flashcards
What is the function of the femoral nerve?
Knee extension and thigh flexion
The femoral nerve is responsible for motor functions in the anterior compartment of the thigh.
What does the obturator nerve primarily control?
Thigh adduction
The obturator nerve innervates the adductor muscles of the thigh.
Which nerve is responsible for foot plantarflexion and inversion?
Tibial nerve
The tibial nerve innervates the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg.
The common peroneal nerve is responsible for which actions?
Foot dorsiflexion and eversion
The common peroneal nerve innervates muscles in the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg.
What sensory areas does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh cover?
Lateral and posterior surfaces of the thigh
This nerve provides sensation to the skin over the lateral thigh.
What is the primary motor function of the inferior gluteal nerve?
Hip extension and lateral rotation
The inferior gluteal nerve innervates the gluteus maximus muscle.
Fill in the blank: The _______ nerve is responsible for hip abduction.
Superior gluteal nerve
The superior gluteal nerve innervates the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
What is meralgia paraesthetica?
A condition characterized by pain, tingling, and numbness in the distribution of the lateral cutaneous nerve
It is caused by compression of the nerve near the ASIS.
Which injury mechanism is associated with foot drop?
Injury at the neck of the fibula
Foot drop results from damage to the common peroneal nerve.
True or False: The femoral nerve is commonly injured due to its deep and well-protected location.
False
The femoral nerve is not commonly injured as it is well protected.
What is a positive Trendelenburg sign indicative of?
Injury to the superior gluteal nerve
It indicates weakness in hip abductor muscles.
What difficulty might a person experience with an injured inferior gluteal nerve?
Difficulty rising from a seated position
This injury affects the ability to use the gluteus maximus muscle effectively.
What type of injuries can cause damage to the sciatic nerve?
Hip surgery and pelvic fractures
Sciatic nerve injury can often occur in conjunction with other nerve injuries.
Femoral nerve motor functions
Knee extension
Thigh flexion
Femoral nerve sensory function
Anterior and medial aspect of thigh and lower leg
Femoral nerve patterns of injury
Hip and pelvic fracture
Stab/ gunshot wounds
Femoral nerve clinical features
Weakness knee extension
Loss of patella reflex
Numbness of thigh
Obturator nerve motor function
Thigh addiction
Obturator nerve sensory
Medial thigh
Obturator nerve injury
Anterior hip dislocation
What is the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh responsible for?
Sensation in the lateral and posterior surfaces of the thigh
It can be compressed near the ASIS, causing meralgia paraesthetica, characterized by pain, tingling, and numbness.
Which nerve is responsible for foot plantarflexion and inversion?
Tibial nerve
The tibial nerve innervates muscles that allow for these movements.
Which nerve is responsible for foot dorsiflexion and eversion?
Common peroneal nerve
This nerve plays a crucial role in controlling the movements of the foot.
What is the function of the extensor hallucis longus?
Dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the big toe
It assists in lifting the foot and extending the big toe.
Which nerve is responsible for hip abduction?
Superior gluteal nerve
This nerve innervates the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
Which nerve is responsible for hip extension and lateral rotation?
Inferior gluteal nerve
It primarily innervates the gluteus maximus muscle.
What condition is characterized by compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve near the ASIS?
Meralgia paraesthetica
Symptoms include pain, tingling, and numbness in the distribution area.
How is the common peroneal nerve often injured?
At the neck of the fibula
This area is vulnerable due to its superficial location.
What can cause foot drop?
Injury to the common peroneal nerve
This condition results in difficulty lifting the front part of the foot.
What can lead to injury of the common peroneal nerve?
Tightly applied lower limb plaster cast
This can compress the nerve and lead to functional deficits.
What is a positive Trendelenburg sign indicative of?
Injury to the superior gluteal nerve
It signifies weakness in hip abduction, causing pelvic drop on the opposite side.
What challenges arise from an injury to the inferior gluteal nerve?
Difficulty rising from a seated position, jumping, and climbing stairs
This affects the gluteus maximus muscle’s function.
Fill in the blank: The _______ nerve is responsible for foot plantarflexion.
Tibial nerve
Fill in the blank: Injury to the _______ nerve can result in difficulty with foot dorsiflexion.
Common peroneal nerve
True or False: The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh is commonly injured due to its superficial location.
False
It is not commonly injured as it is deep and well protected.
What type of injury can occur due to a posterior hip dislocation?
Injury to the sciatic nerve
This can lead to significant functional limitations.
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh sensory
Lateral and posterior surfaces of thigh
Tibial nerve sensory
Sole of foot
Common peroneal nerve sensory
Dorsum of foot and lower lateral part of the leg
Superior gluteal nerve injury
Misplaced IM injection
Hip surgery
Pelvic fracture
Posterior hip dislocation
+ve trendelenburg sign
Inferior gluteal nerve injury
Injury associated with the static nerve
Sciatic nerve feature
Weakness knee flexion and foot movements
Pain and numbness from gluteal region to ankle
Lumbosacral clinicsl features
Weakness in ankle dorsiflexion
Numbness of calf and foot
