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ANATOMY BONES > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of lower limb

A

Hip bone
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals metatarsal phalange

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2
Q

Ilium parts

A

Wings and body

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3
Q

Ilium wings have

A

Crest
spines
Iliac fossa
Iliac tuberosity
auricular surface
gluteal line anterior posterior inferior

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4
Q

The auricular surface of ilium attached to which bone

A

Sacupla auricular surface

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5
Q

Pubic bones have

A

Rami
pecten
body
Obturator groove

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6
Q

Ischium bone have

A

Ramus
Body
Spine
Tubercle

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7
Q

Obturator foramen is made by which bones

A

Public and ischium

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8
Q

Acetabulum is made up how many bones

A

Ilium
Public
Ischium

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9
Q

How many parts are there in acetabulum

A

acetabulum rim

acetabulum fossa acetabulumnotch
Lunate surface

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10
Q

Hip bone have 2 lines

A

Arcuate and pectineal lines

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11
Q

Public bone have surface called as

A

Symphyseal surface

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12
Q

Name the notch in hip bone

A

Greater sciatic and lesser sciatic notch

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13
Q

Which tuberosity is responsible for sitting

A

Ischial tuberosity

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14
Q

False pelvis aka greater pelvis have how many walls

A

3walls
Anterior wall - hypogastrium
Inferolateral wall - iliac wings
Posterior wall - L5 , iliolumbar ligament

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15
Q

What is the anterior wall of the false pelvis (greater pelvis)?

A

Hypogastrium

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16
Q

What forms the inferolateral wall of the false pelvis?

A

Iliac wings

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17
Q

What structures make up the posterior wall of the false pelvis?

A

L5, iliolumbar ligament

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18
Q

Which structure is located at the pelvic inlet?

A

Promontory of the sacrum

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19
Q

List the components of the pelvic inlet.

A
  • Promontory of the sacrum
  • Arcuate line of the ilium
  • Pectineal line of the pubic bone
  • Pubic tubercle
  • Superior border of the pubic symphysis
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20
Q

What is the anterior wall of the true pelvis (lesser pelvis)?

A

Pubic arch and symphysis

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21
Q

What structures make up the lateral wall of the true pelvis?

A
  • Ischial ramus
  • Ischial tuberosity
  • Iliac body
  • Sacrospinous ligament
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22
Q

What forms the posterior wall of the true pelvis?

A

Sacral and coccygeal bones

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23
Q

What structures are found at the pelvic outlet?

A
  • Coccyx
  • Sacrotuberous ligaments
  • Ischial tuberosities
  • Ischiopubic rami
  • Inferior border of the pubic symphysis
24
Q

What are the main parts of the femur?

A

Proximal epiphysis, shaft, inferior epiphysis

The femur consists of three main parts.

25
Q

What structures are found in the proximal epiphysis of the femur?

A

Head with fovea, neck, trochanters (greater, lesser), intertrochanteric crest and line

These structures are critical for articulation and muscle attachment.

26
Q

What features are present on the shaft of the femur?

A

Linea aspera (medial and lateral lips, pectineal line, popliteal surface), gluteal tuberosity

The shaft provides a robust structure for muscle attachment and support.

27
Q

What structures are found in the inferior epiphysis of the femur?

A

Condyles, epicondyles, intercondylar fossa, patellar surface

These features are important for knee joint articulation.

28
Q

Fill in the blank: The head of the femur contains a _______.

A

fovea

The fovea is a small pit that allows for ligament attachment.

29
Q

True or False: The gluteal tuberosity is located on the inferior epiphysis of the femur.

A

False

The gluteal tuberosity is located on the shaft of the femur.

30
Q

What is the function of the intertrochanteric crest?

A

Provides attachment for muscles

It is crucial for the stability and function of the hip joint.

31
Q

What is the patella?

A

A small bone that articulates with the distal femur at the knee joint

The patella is also known as the kneecap.

32
Q

What surface of the patella articulates with the distal femur?

A

Articular surface

This surface allows for movement and stability at the knee joint.

33
Q

What is the anterior surface of the patella?

A

The front surface of the patella

This surface is typically smooth and faces outward.

34
Q

What attaches to the base of the patella?

A

Quadriceps tendon

The quadriceps tendon connects the quadriceps muscle to the patella.

35
Q

What attaches to the apex of the patella?

A

Patellar ligament

The patellar ligament connects the patella to the tibia.

36
Q

What are the main components of the proximal epiphysis of the tibia?

A

Tibial plateau, condyles, intercondylar eminence

The proximal epiphysis is the upper end of the tibia, which articulates with the femur.

37
Q

What structures are associated with the proximal epiphysis of the tibia?

A

Tuberosity, soleal line

These structures provide attachment points for muscles and ligaments.

38
Q

What are the surfaces of the tibial shaft?

A

Lateral, medial, posterior

The shaft is the long, cylindrical part of the tibia.

39
Q

What are the borders of the tibial shaft?

A

Medial, interosseus, anterior

These borders are important for muscle attachment and structural integrity.

40
Q

What structures are found in the distal epiphysis of the tibia?

A

Medial malleolus, fibular notch

The distal epiphysis is the lower end of the tibia, which interacts with the ankle joint.

41
Q

What is the fibula?

A

A long, thin bone located on the lateral side of the leg.

42
Q

What are the main parts of the fibula?

A

Head, neck, shaft, lateral malleolus.

43
Q

What are the surfaces of the fibula?

A

Lateral, medial, posterior.

44
Q

What are the borders of the fibula?

A

Lateral, interosseus, anterior.

45
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the distal end of the fibula.

A

lateral malleolus

46
Q

True or False: The fibula is primarily a weight-bearing bone.

A

False

47
Q

What is the function of the lateral malleolus?

A

Provides stability to the ankle joint.

48
Q

What are the main components of the foot skeleton?

A

Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges

The foot skeleton is divided into three main parts: tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.

49
Q

What are the key bones in the tarsals?

A

Talus, Calcaneus, Cuboid, Navicular, Cuneiform (lateral, intermediate, medial)

The tarsals consist of seven bones: talus, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, and three cuneiform bones.

50
Q

What are the components of the talus bone?

A

Head, neck, body, articular surfaces

The talus includes specific articular surfaces: anterior calcaneal, middle calcaneal, posterior calcaneal, trochlea, medial and lateral malleolar, and navicular.

51
Q

What are the main features of the calcaneus?

A

Tuber, body, sustentaculum, articular surfaces

The calcaneus has several articular surfaces: anterior talar, posterior talar, middle talar, and cuboid.

52
Q

List the types of phalanges in the foot.

A

Proximal, middle, distal

The phalanges are categorized into proximal, middle, and distal sections.

53
Q

What are the structural parts of the metatarsals?

A

Base, body, head

Each metatarsal consists of three main parts: the base, body, and head.

54
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the largest bone in the foot and forms the heel.

A

Calcaneus

The calcaneus is also known as the heel bone.

55
Q

True or False: The talus does not have a direct muscular attachment.

A

True

The talus serves as a key structure in the ankle joint but does not have direct muscular attachments.

ANATOMY BONES (2 decks)

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