Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Noted anatomist video flashcards > lower limb > Flashcards

lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the spinal levels for the lumbar plexus?

A

L1-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three main nerves that supply the leg from lumbar plexus?

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous
Femoral
Obturator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

tibial nerve (from the sacral plexus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 4 gluteal muscles?

A

Maximus, medius, minimus + tensor lascia lata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus maximus?

A

Ilium, sacrum
Insert on gluteal tuberosity on posterior femur and IT band fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the attachment sof gluteus medius?

A

Back of the ilium crest (deep to maximus)
inserts on greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus minimus?

A

back of ilium (not crest)
down to greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the attachments of tensor fascia lata?

A

anterior ilium
IT band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the action of gluteus medius, minimus and TFL?

A

hip abduction, stabilisation of pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteal muscles?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves from the lumbar plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus medius, minimus and TFL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

gluteus maximus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the deep hip rotator muscles?

A

piriformis
superior gemellus
obturator internus
inferior gemellus
quadratus femoris
obturator externus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the attachments of the piriformis muscle?

A

ventral sacrum, passes through greater sciatic notch, inserts on top of greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What neurovascular bundles come out above and below piriformis?

A

Superior gluteal (above) and inferior gluteal (below)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve enter the back of the thigh?

A

underneath piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the attachments of superior gemellus?

A

Ischial spine, greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the attachments of obturator internus?

A

internal surface of obturator membrane
greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the attachments of inferior gemellus?

A

Between ischial spine and ischial tuberosity
Greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the attachments of quadratus femoris?

A

Ischium
intertrochanteric crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the attachments of obturator externus?

A

external obturator membrane
courses posterior to neck of femur to greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the hip flexor muscles?

A

Iliopsoas (iliacus + psoas major)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the attachments of iliacus?

A

iliac fossa
to lesser trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the attachments of psoas major?

A

T12, L1-5 vertebrae + transverse processes
inserts on lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where do psoas major and iliacus become iliopsoas?

A

once pass underneath the inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the innervation of psoas major?

A

L2 ventral ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the innervation of iliacus?

A

femoral nerve (L2,3,4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the anterior compartment thigh muscles?

A

Sartorius, pectineus, Vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the attachments of sartorius?

A

ASIS
inserts medial to tibial tuberosity

32
Q

What are the actions of sartorius?

A

Flex, abduct and externally rotate the hip

33
Q

What are the attachments of pectineus?

A

Pectineal line of pubis to pectineal line of femur

34
Q

What are the attachments of vastus lateralis?

A

linea aspera + femur
forms quadriceps tendon engulfing patella which makes patella tendon inserting on tibial tuberosity

35
Q

What are the attachments of rectus femoris?

A

AIIS (only quadricep that crosses hip joint)
forms quadriceps tendon engulfing patella which makes patella tendon inserting on tibial tuberosity

36
Q

What are the attachments of vastus medialis?

A

linea aspera
forms quadriceps tendon engulfing patella which makes patella tendon inserting on tibial tuberosity

37
Q

What are the attachments of vastus intermedius?

A

lies deep to rectus femoris
from front of femur
forms quadriceps tendon engulfing patella which makes patella tendon inserting on tibial tuberosity

38
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior thigh muscles?

A

femoral nerve

39
Q

What are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis
(topographically obturator externus but functionally it is hip rotator)

40
Q

What are the attachments of adductor longus?

A

Pubic bone near symphysis
courses behind femur to attach to linea aspera near mid shaft

41
Q

What are the attachments of adductor brevis

A

Pubic bone near symphysis
courses behind femur to attach to linea aspera about 1/4 way down

42
Q

What are the attachments of adductor magnus?

A

ischium along inferior pubic rami
all along linea aspera + adductor tubercle on medial distal femur
There is an adductor hiatus between linea aspera attachment and adductor tubercle attachment

43
Q

What passes through the adductor hiatus?

A

femoral artery -> popliteal artery in back of knee

44
Q

What is the innervation of adductor magnus?

A

lateral part attaching to linea aspera - obturator nerve
medial part attaching to adductor tubercle - tibial nerve

45
Q

What are the attachments of gracilis?

A

pubic bone near symphysis
passes down medial to tibial tuberosity

46
Q

What is the innervation of the medial compartment of thigh?

A

obturator nerve
(except section of adductor magnus)

47
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

48
Q

what are the attachments of semitendinosus?

A

ischial tuberosity
long distal tendon
attaches medial to tibial tuberosity forming Pes anserinus

49
Q

What makes up the pes anserinus?

A

sartorius, gracilis + semitendinosus
medial to tibial tuberosity

50
Q

What are the attachments of semimembranosus?

A

ischial tuberosity
medial proximal tibia

51
Q

What are the attachments of biceps femoris?

A

Long head: ischial tuberosity to head of fibula
(not really a hamstring but short head: linea aspera to head of fibula)

52
Q

What is the innervation of biceps femoris?

A

Long head - tibial
short head - common fibula

53
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

tibial nerve

54
Q

What are the ligaments of the knee joint?

A

ACL, PCL, LCL, MCL
medial and lateral meniscus

55
Q

What are the attachments of the ACL?

A

Anterior surface of the tibial plateau
courses laterally/posteriorly to distal femur

56
Q

What are the attachments of the PCL?

A

Posterior surface of tibial plateau
courses anteriorly to medial distal femur

57
Q

What are the attachments of LCL?

A

lateral epicondyle of femur
head of fibula

58
Q

What are the attachments of the MCL?

A

medial epicondyle of femur
medial proximal tibia

59
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of lower leg?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus

60
Q

What are the attachments of tibialis anterior?

A

front of tibia and interosseous membrane
courses medially and infront of tibiotalar joint
attaches to medial tarsals and 1st metatarsal

61
Q

What are the attachments of extensor hallucis longus?

A

halfway along fibula
DIP of big toe

62
Q

What are the attachments of extensor digitorum longus?

A

tibia, fibula + interosseous membrane
DIP 2-5

63
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

A

deep peroneal nerve

64
Q

What are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

A

peroneus longus + brevis (same as fibularis longus and brevis)

65
Q

What are the attachments of peroneus longus?

A

Head neck and shaft of fibula
courses behind lateral malleolus
attaches to base of 1st metatarsal coursing underneath the foot

66
Q

What are the attachments of peroneus brevis?

A

mid shaft of fibula
behind lateral malleolus
to base of 5th metatarsal

67
Q

What is the innervation of lateral compartment of lower leg?

A

superficial peroneal nerve

68
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the lower leg?

A

Superficial group: gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
Deep group: Popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

69
Q

What are the attachments of the gastrocnemius?

A

2 heads - 2 condyles of the femur
2 bellies fuse at achilles tendon to insert at calcaneus

70
Q

What are the attachments of soleus?

A

tibia and fibula
Achilles tendon to calcaneus

71
Q

What are the attachments of plantaris?

A

lateral condyle of the femur
passes between gastric and soleus
to calcaneus

72
Q

What are the attachments of popliteus?

A

lateral condyle of femur
to medial part of tibia

73
Q

What are the attachments of tibialis posterior?

A

back of tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane
courses medially and behind medial malleolus
inserts on medial plantar surface of foot

74
Q

What are the attachments of flexor digitorum longus?

A

medial tibia
courses behind medial malleolus
tendon inserts on digits 2-5 DIPs

75
Q

What are the attachments of flexor hallucis longus?

A

fibula
runs behind medial malleolus and inserts on DIP of 1st digit

76
Q

What is the orientation of the posterior compartment deep group tendons at the ankle?

A

Medial to lateral - Tom (tibialis posterior) Dick (FDL), Harry (FHL)

77
Q
A

Noted anatomist video flashcards (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions