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musculoskeletal system > lower limb > Flashcards

lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

what nerve provides sensory innervation to anterior and medial thigh and medial side of leg and foot?

A

femoral nerve

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2
Q

what ligament does the femoral nerve travel under?

A

inguinal ligament (enter femoral triangle)

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3
Q

The correct technique for assessing apparent leg length involves measuring the distance between
the:

A. Anterior superior iliac spine and the sharp bony point of the lateral malleolus
B. Anterior superior iliac spine and the sharp bony point of the medial malleolus
C. Posterior superior iliac spine and the sharp bony point of the lateral malleolus
D. Umbilicus and the sharp bony point of the lateral malleolus
E. Umbilicus and the sharp bony point of the medial malleolus

A

E. Umbilicus and the sharp bony point of the medial malleolus

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4
Q

how to measure true leg length?

A

from anterior superior iliac spine and the sharp bony point of the medial malleolus

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5
Q

Which of the following examination findings can be correctly assessed by just looking/inspection?

A. Crepitus
B. Fixed flexion deformity of the knee
C. Passive ranges of movements
D. Small knee effusion
E. True leg length

A

B. Fixed flexion deformity of the knee

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6
Q

what nerves innervates gluteus minimus and medius?

A

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

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7
Q

what nerve innervates short head of biceps femoris?

A

common fibular nerve (L5-S1)

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8
Q

what nerve innervates hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

sciatic nerve

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9
Q

what nerve innervates adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

obturator nerve

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10
Q

what nerve innervates superficial posterior leg muscles (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris)?

A

tibial nerve (S1-S2)

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11
Q

what nerve innervates anterior leg muscles (dorsiflexion of ankle)?

A

tibial nerve (L4-S1)

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12
Q

what nerve provides sensory innervation to webbing between big toe and second toe?

A

deep fibular nerve

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13
Q

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve comes directly from spinal root
true or false

A

true

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14
Q

intracapsular fractures risk of avascular necrosis due to interruption of ____ and ____ arteries

A

retinacular and medial femoral circumflex

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15
Q

what is the mid-inguinal point?

midpoint between ASIS and ___

A

pubic symphysis

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16
Q

what is the midpoint of inguinal ligament

midpoint between ASIS and ___

A

pubic tubercle

17
Q

what are the borders of femoral triangle?

A

SAIL
1. Sartorius
2. Adductor longus
3. Inguinal ligament

18
Q

what are the contents of femoral triangle?

A

NAVEL (medial to lateral)
Nerve, artery, vein, empty space, lymphatics

19
Q

what are the 3 muscles that attach to pes anserinus?

A

Say Grace before Tea
S - Sartorius
G- Gracilis
T - semiTendinosus

20
Q

contents of:
1. femoral sheath
2. femoral canal
3. femoral ring

A
  1. artery, vein, lymphatics
  2. lymphatics
  3. NAVEL
21
Q

what are the contents of tarsal tunnel?

A

Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry
1. Tibialis posterior
2. flexor Digitorum longus
3. posterior tibial Artery
4. tibial Vein
5. tibial Nerve
6. flexor Hallucis longus tendon

22
Q

what nerve is compressed in tarsal tunnel syndrome?

A

tibial nerve

23
Q

weakness of what muscles in tarsal tunnel syndrome?

A

foot flexors (plantarflexion) –> posterior leg muscles

24
Q

what is the most common ligament injured in ankle sprains?

A

anterior talofibular ligament (lateral ligament)

25
Q

how is the anterior talofibular ligament injured in an ankle sprain?

A

over-inversion of foot

26
Q

what are the 3 ligaments injured in the unhappy triad?

A

ACL, MCL and medial meniscus

27
Q

tests for ACL
1. _____ test (90˚flexion)
2. _____ test (20˚vflexion)

A
  1. anterior drawer
  2. Lachman’s
28
Q

test for PCL
1. _____ test (90˚ flexion)

A
  1. posterior drawer
29
Q

McMurray’s test
1. Lateral meniscus: pain on ____ rotation
2. Medial meniscus: pain on ____ rotation

A
  1. internal rotation
  2. external rotation
30
Q

Which artery does the obturator artery branch from?

a. Inferior epigastric artery
b. Internal iliac artery
c. External iliac artery
d. Inferior gluteal artery

A

a. Inferior epigastric artery
b. Internal iliac artery

musculoskeletal system (3 decks)

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