Lower Limb Flashcards
(25 cards)
Lower limb Oesteology
TORBAP
T - type O - orientation R - relative position B - bony features A - articulations P - palpations
What makes up the Innominate
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Name the Tarsal bones
Calcaneus Talus Navicular Medial cuneiform Intermidiate cuneiform Lateral cuneiform Cuboid
What are the two longitudinal arches of the foot
Medial - calcaneus, takus, navicular, cuneiforms, 1-3 MT
Lateral - calcaneus, cuboid, 4-5 MT
Lower limb Arthrology
TAFSIMPCP
T - type A - articukation F - fibrous capsule S - synovial membrane I - intra/extra capsular structures M - movement P - planes and axis C - close and loose packed position P - palpation
Degrees of movement in the hip
Flexion - 0-120• Extension - 0-30• Abduction - 0-45• Adduction - 0-30• Medial/lateral rotation - 0-45•
Tibiofemoral joint - intracapsular structure
ACL PCL Meniscus Coronary ligaments Meniscal ligaments Politeus tendon
Tibiofemoral extracapsular structure
Arcuate popliteal ligament Oblique popliteal ligament Patella tendon MCL LCL ITB
What forms the Iliotibial band
TFL
Glutimus maximus
Name the 3 bursa of the knee (anterior)
Suprapatella bursa
Pre-patellar bursa
Infra-patellar bursa
The MCL and LCL stop what movement at the knee
MCL - Valgus movement (inward)
LCL - Vairus movement (outward)
Muscle - Hip extensors
Gluteus Maximus
Hanstrings
Muscles - Hip Abductors
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor fascia lata
Muscles - Hip Adductors
Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Gracilis Pectineus
Muscles - Hip Flexors
Psoas Major Iliacus Rectus Femoris Sartorius Pectineus
Lower limb Myology
NOIAN
N -name O - origin I - insertion A - action N - nerve supply
Osteology - Femur
- Long bone
- Femoral head superior, femoral condyles inferiorly, greater trochanter laterally
- Distal to pelvis, Proximal to tibia
- NOF, head, greater/lesser trochanters, lateral/medial condyles
- Proximal articulation of femur head with the acetabulum
Distal articulation of the femoral condyles with the tibial condyles - Palpate the gretaer trochanter and femoral condyles
Osteology - Tibia
- Long bone
- Tibial condyles superiorly, malleolus inferiorly, tibial tuberosity anterioly
- Distal to the femur, Proximal to talus
- Medial/lateral condyle, medial malleolus, ankle joint line
- Proximal superiorly with femoral condyles to form knee joint.
Laterally with fibula
Distal inferiorly with takis to form ankle joint
Lateral with fibula to form the distal tibio-fibula joint - Palpate tibial condyles, tibial tuberosity, medial malleolus
Osteology - Tarsals
- 7 short bones
- Navicular medially, cuboid laterally, calcaneus posteriorly
- 2 rows between tibia proximaly and MTs distally
- Talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid and calcaneus
- multiple intertatsal joints, sub takar joint
- calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, arches
Lower limb Nerves
SOCSFIT
- Sciatic
- Obturator
- Common peroneal
- Superior glute
- Femoral
- Inferior glute
- Tibial nerve
Neurology - Obturator Nerve
C - Vertically with psoas , through obtuator foramen into medial compartment of thigh
S - Medial distal thigh
M - Obturator externus, adductors
Neurology - Femoral nerve
C - Passes through femoral triangle, runs from ASIS to pubic tubercle, sartorius, adductor longus
M - Medial thigh and lower leg
Neurology - Sciatic nerve
C - Position with piriformis, 2 component nerves (tibial and common peroneal) birfurcates at distal femur
S - Divides into tibial and peroneal nerve (lower leg)
M - Hamstring
Femoral Triangle
SAIL - NAVY
Sartorius (lateral boundary) Adductor longus (medial boundary) Inguinal Ligament (upper boundary)
Nerve
Artery
Vein
