Lower Leg Attachments

Question 1

Tibialis anterior

Answer 1

O: lateral tibial condyle and proximal half of lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane
I: medial cuneiform, base of first metatarsal
N: Deep fibular nerve L4- L5
F: Dorsiflexion (talocrural joint) & inversion of foot (subtalar joint). Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

Question 2

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 2

O: Fibula (medial third/surface) & interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx (big toe)
N: Deep fibular nerve L5- S1
F: Toe extension & foot dorsiflexion (talocrural joint)

Question 3

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 3

O: Medial surface of fibula, lateral tibial condyle & interosseous membrane
I: distal and middle phalanges 2-5
N: deep fibular nerve L5- S1
F: toe extension 2-5, (talocrural joint) foot dorsiflexion, foot eversion (subtalar)

Question 4

Fibularis Tertius

Answer 4

O: medial surface of fibula, anterior inter muscular septum
I: dorsal surface, base of metatarsal 5
N: deep fibular nerve (L5- S1)
F: foot dorsiflexion (talocrural joint) , foot eversion (subtalar joint)

Question 5

Fibularis Longus (lateral Leg)

Answer 5

O: Head of fibula, 2/3rds of lateral fibula (anterior/posterior inter muscular septum)
I: medial cuneiform bone & metatarsal bone 1
N: superficial fibular nerve (L5- S1)
F: foot plantar flexion, foot eversion (supports longitudinal and transverse arch of the foot )

Question 6

Fibularis brevis (lateral leg)

Answer 6

O: Distal 2/3rds of the fibula of lateral fibula (intramuscular septum)
I: tuberosity of bone 5 metatarsal
N: superficial fibular nerve (L5- S1)
F: plantarflexor (talocrural joint), foot eversion (subtalar joint)

Question 7

Gastrocnemius

Answer 7

O: lateral Head femoral condyle - Medial Head femoral condyle & popliteal surface of femoral shaft
I: posterior surface of calcaneus
N: tibial nerve (S1 - S2)
F: plantar flexion and knee flexion

Question 8

Soleus
Origin:
Insertion:
Nerve:
Action:

Answer 8

O:,head of FIBULA. TIBIA ( Soleal line, medial border of tibia)
I: calcaneal tendon
N: tibial nerve S1- S2
F: plantar flexion (talocrural joint)

Question 9

Plantaris

Answer 9

O: Lateral supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal ligament of knee
I: calcaneus tendon
N: tibial nerve (S1 - S2)
F: plantar flexion and knee flexion

Question 10

Popliteus

Answer 10

O: lateral femoral condyle - (posterior horn) lateral meniscus
I: posterior surface of proximal tibia
N: Tibial nerve L5-S2
F: unlocks the knee joint. - (knee stabilisation)

Question 11

Tibialis posterior

Answer 11

O: Tibia/fibula (posterior surface) & interosseous membrane
I: Navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, base of metatarsals 2-4 (cuboid bones)
N: Tibial Nerve L4 - L5
F:plantar flexion (talocrural joint), foot inversion (subtalor), supports medial longitudinal arch

Question 12

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 12

O: posterior tibia (inferior to soleal line)
I: base of distal phalanges 2-5
N: tibial nerve L5-S2
F: joints 2-5 toe flexion, foot plantar flexion (talocrural joint), foot inversion (subtalor joint)

Question 13

Flexor hallucis longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Nerve:
Action:

Answer 13

O: Distal 2/3rds of fibula posterior surface, interosseous membrane, fascia of tibialis posterior muscle
I: Base of distal phalanx (big toe)
N: Tibial Nerve S2- S3
F: big toe flexion, plantar flexion & inversion