Lower GI surgeries Flashcards
what is a laparscopic cholecystectomy?
treats gallstones by removing the gallbladder.
what is laparascopic nissen surgery?
fundoplication. treats pateitns with severe gastric reflux (GERD) by strenghenting oesophageal muslces.
what is laparscopic retroperitoneum surgery done for
treatment of testicular cancer.
which parts of the colon are considered to be retroperitoneal?
right and left colon
which parts of the colon are considered to be intraperitoneal?
transverse and sigmoid colon
from right to left what are the names of the colon.
- appendix
- caecum.
- ascending colon
- hepatic flexure
- transverse colon
- splenic flexure
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- rectum
what is a right hemicolectomy?
usually performed for cancer of the caecum, ascending colon or part of the hepatic flexure.
in a classic colectimy the ileocolic, right colic and right branch of the middle collic vessel is removed along with the mesentry.
an ileocolic anastamosis is usally performed.
care must be taken to identify the right ureter, ovarian or testicular vessels and duodenum.
what is an extended right hemicolectomy?
typically performed in cancer of the hepatic flexure and proximal transverse colon.
what is a transverse colectomy?
mid transverse colon cancers
what is involved in the left hemicolectomy?
distal transverse colon and descending colon and proximal sigmoid colon.
left colic vessels, left branch of middle colic vessel and inferior mesenteric vein.
sigmoid colectomy
inferior meseneteric artery
what other types of colectomys can you get?
subtotal and total colectomy.
where does the small intestine extend into?
starts from the pylorus of the stomach and ends at the ileocaecal junction.
what are the three parts of the small intestine?
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
what does the coeliac artery supply (T12) (6)
stomach liver spleen abdominal oesophagus superior duodenum superior pancreas
what does the superior mesenteric artery supply? (L1) (4)
distal duodenum
ileo-jejunum
ascending colon
parts of transverse colon
what do middle suprarenal arteries supply?
adrenal galnds
where do the renal arteries arise?
level of L1 and L2
which artery supplies from the splenic flexure to the upper part of the rectum?
inferior mesenteric artery (L3)
what is in the foregut?
trachea and resp tract lungs oesphagus stomach liver pancreas gallbladder and bile ducts upper duodenum
what is the blood supply for the foregut?
coeliac arteries
what is in the midgut?
lower duodenum jejunum ileium cecum appendix ascending colon proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
what is the blood supply to the midgut?
superior mesenteric artery
what is in the hindgut?
distal 1/3 of transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon rectum upper anal canal urogenital sinus
what is the blood supply for hte hindgut
inferior mesenteric artery
