Lower GI

Question 1

Appendicitis

Answer 1

Obstruction of the Appendix’s hollow lumen leading to inflammation
-Adult Obstruction due to feces, gallstones, cancer, parasites
Children Obstruction due to lymphoid hyperplasia

Question 2

Appendicitis Signs

Answer 2

1. McBurney’s Point Tenderness- 2/3 between ASIS and Umbilicus
2. Rovsing’s Sign- pain in RLQ when palpating LLQ
3. Psoas Sign- RLQ pain when extending hip back since Appendix rests on Psoas

Question 3

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Answer 3

Life-long immune-mediated and chronic inflammation of the bowel due to Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction allowing pathogens to enter and attack the bowels

Question 4

Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 4

Type of IBD in the Mucosa and Submucosa of the Colon and Rectum characterized by Pseudopolyps (looks like a sponge to wash your car), Friable Mucosa, Crypt Abscesses , and Extraintestinal Manifestations

Question 5

Crohn’s Disease

Answer 5

Can be anywhere mouth to anus, but usually in small intestine and colon but RECTAL SPARING and exhibiting skip lesions.

More likely to have Malabsorptive problems, Peri-Anal Disease, and Colon Cancer if the Colon is inflamed

Question 6

What is the Crohn’s Disease phrase?

Answer 6

“A Small Crohn skipping Granola on Cobblestones”

1. Small Intestine
2. Skip Lesions
3. Granulomas (Non-caseating)
4. Cobblestone appearance due to deep ulcerations)

Question 7

IBS

Answer 7

Most common chronic GI issue often related to the strong “mind-gut connection” which leads to hypersensitivity to sensory signals, stress response, and certain food intolerance resulting in exaggerated response to motility issues