Lower-frecuency Words Flashcards

1
Q

👽 He affirmed his allegiance to the president.

A

al•le•giance noun
NAmE /əˈliːdʒəns /

a person’s continued support for a political party, religion, ruler, etc.

👽People of various party allegiances joined the campaign.
👽 He affirmed his allegiance to the president.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

 Jane’s life revolves around her children.
 The argument revolved around costs.
 She seems to think that the world revolves around her (=that she is the only important person).

A

reˈvolve around/​round something
to move around something in a circle
 The earth revolves around the sun.
reˈvolve around/​round somebody/​something
to have somebody/​something as the main interest or subject
 His whole life revolves around surfing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

herald

A

her·ald  ​verb
NAmE /ˈherəld/
(formal)
herald something. to be a sign that something is going to happen
 These talks could herald a new era of peace.
 She felt a dull ache in her right temple, heralding a migraine.
 Bringing the baby home heralds the start of a very different lifestyle.
 Voices and footsteps outside heralded their return.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

 refrain (from something) Please refrain from smoking.

 They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.

A

re·frain  ​verb
NAmE /rɪˈfreɪn/
(formal) to stop yourself from doing something, especially something that you want to do
➔ SYNONYM  ​desist
 refrain (from something) Please refrain from smoking.
 They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

favorable

A

favourable  ​adjective
(especially US English fa·vor·able)
NAmE /ˈfeɪvərəbl/
making people have a good opinion of somebody/​something
 She made a favourable impression on his parents.
 The biography shows him in a favourable light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

threshold

A

threshold  ​noun
NAmE /ˈθreʃhoʊld/

  1. the level at which something starts to happen or have an effect
     He has a low boredom threshold (= he gets bored easily).
     I have a high pain threshold (= I can suffer a lot of pain before I start to react).
     My earnings are just above the tax threshold (= more than the amount at which you start paying tax).
  2. the point just before a new situation, period of life, etc. begins
     She felt as though she was on the threshold of a new life.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

For several minutes confusion reigned.

 Silence reigned while we waited for news

A

reign  ​noun
NAmE /reɪn/
2 literary if a feeling or quality reigns, it exists strongly for a period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

 Domestic prices have been aligned with those in world markets.

A

align  ​verb
NAmE /əˈlaɪn/
2 align something (with/​to something) to change something slightly so that it is in the correct relationship to something else
 Domestic prices have been aligned with those in world markets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

 to abstain from alcohol/​sex/​drugs

A

ab·stain  ​verb
NAmE /əbˈsteɪn/
abstain (from something) to decide not to do or have something, especially something you like or enjoy, because it is bad for your health or considered morally wrong
 to abstain from alcohol/​sex/​drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

 She was a popular and conscientious teacher.

 a conscientious student/​teacher/​worker

A

con·scien·tious  ​adjective
NAmE /ˌkɑːnʃiˈenʃəs/
taking care to do things carefully and correctly
 a conscientious student/​teacher/​worker
 She was a popular and conscientious teacher.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

 refrain (from something) Please refrain from smoking.

 They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.

A

refrain  ​verb
NAmE /rɪˈfreɪn/
to not do something that you want to do → abstain
 refrain (from something) Please refrain from smoking.
 They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

 The court was presented with compelling evidence that she’d murdered her husband

A

compelling  ​adjective
NAmE /kəmˈpelɪŋ/
compelling reason/argument/case etc an argument etc that makes you feel certain that something is true or that you must do something about it
Persuasivo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

 As the situation at home got worse she increasingly took refuge in her work.

A

refuge  ​noun
NAmE /ˈrefjuːdʒ/
1 shelter or protection from danger, trouble, etc.
 A further 300 people have taken refuge in the US embassy.
 refuge (from somebody/​something) They were forced to seek refuge from the fighting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

 a striking contrast between wealth and poverty

 In striking contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and charming.

A

striking  ​adjective
NAmE /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/
interesting and unusual enough to attract attention
➔ SYNONYM  ​marked
 a striking feature
 She bears a striking resemblance to her older sister.
 In striking contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and charming.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

 His actions were motivated by greed.

 She killed him to satisfy her greed.

A
greed  ​noun	
NAmE /ɡriːd/ 
(disapproving)
1 a strong desire for more wealth, possessions, power, etc. than a person needs
SYN avarice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

equate

NAmE /iˈkweɪt/

A

equate  ​verb
NAmE /iˈkweɪt/
equate something. (with something). to think that something is the same as something else or is as important
 Some parents equate education with exam success.
 I donʼt see how you can equate the two things.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

despise

NAmE /dɪˈspaɪz/

A

des·pise  ​verb
NAmE /dɪˈspaɪz/

to dislike and have no respect for somebody/​something
 She despised gossip in any form.
 He despised himself for being so cowardly.
 She thoroughly despised him for his weakness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

upbringing

A

up·bring·ing  ​noun
NAmE /ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/
the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up
Her upbringing had given her the social skills to cope with such situations.
 Mine was a conventional family upbringing.
 My upbringing prepared me for anything.
 Part of his upbringing had been not to question his elders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

bundle

A

bun·dle  ​noun
NAmE /ˈbʌndl/
2 a number of things that belong, or are sold together
 a bundle of ideas
 a bundle of graphics packages for your PC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

grievance

A

griev·ance  ​noun
NAmE /ˈɡriːvəns/
grievance (against somebody) something that you think is unfair and that you complain or protest about
QUEJA
 Parents were invited to air their grievances (= express them) at the meeting.
 Does the company have a formal grievance procedure (= a way of telling somebody your complaints at work)?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

outrage

A

out·rage  ​noun
NAmE /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/
1 a strong feeling of shock and anger
 The judgeʼs remarks caused public outrage.
 She was filled with an overwhelming sense of outrage.
 Environmentalists have expressed outrage at the ruling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

air

NAmE /er/

A

air  ​verb
NAmE /er/
opinion [transitive] to express your opinions publicly
THESAURUS SAY1
air your views/grievances/complaints etc
 Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views.

23
Q

convey

A

con·vey  ​verb
NAmE /kənˈveɪ/
1 to make ideas, feelings, etc. known to somebody
➔ SYNONYM (transmitir) ​communicate
 convey something Colours like red convey a sense of energy and strength.
 convey something to somebody (formal) Please convey my apologies to your wife.

24
Q

bla•tant adj.

A

bla•tant adj. 🌗
NAmE /ˈbleɪtnt /

(disapproving)
(of actions that are considered bad) done in an obvious and open way without caring if people are shocked SYN flagrant
👽a blatant attempt to buy votes
👽It was a blatant lie.

bla•tant•ly / NAmE ˈbleɪtəntli / adv.
👽a blatantly unfair decision

25
thrive
thrive verb 🌗 NAmE /θraɪv / to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc. SYN flourish 👽New businesses thrive in this area. 👽These animals rarely thrive in captivity. thriv•ing NAmE θraɪvɪŋ / adj. 👽a thriving industry
26
cur•tail verb 🌗 | NAmE /kɜːrˈteɪl /
cur•tail verb 🌗 NAmE /kɜːrˈteɪl / (formal) to limit sth or make it last for a shorter time SYN cut 👽The new law will curtail police powers. severely/drastically curtail 👽Budget cuts have drastically curtailed training programs.
27
dread verb 🌗
dread verb 🌗 NAmE /dred / to be very afraid of sth; to fear that sth bad is going to happen 👽I dread being sick. 👽 She dreads her husband finding out. 👽I dread to think what would happen if there really was a fire here.
28
un•avoid•able adj. 🌗 | NAmE /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl /
un•avoid•able adj. 🌗 NAmE /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl / impossible to avoid or prevent 👽unavoidable delays 👽Recession at the time seemed unavoidable.
29
vi•brate verb 🌗 NAmE /ˈvaɪbreɪt / NAmE /vaɪˈbreɪt /
vi•brate verb 🌗 NAmE /ˈvaɪbreɪt / NAmE /vaɪˈbreɪt / to move or make sth move from side to side very quickly and with small movements 👽Every time a train went past the walls vibrated.
30
glimpse noun 🌗 | NAmE /ɡlɪmps /
glimpse noun 🌗 NAmE /ɡlɪmps / 1 a look at sb/sth for a very short time, when you do not see the person or thing completely 👽He caught a glimpse of her in the crowd. 2 a short experience of sth that helps you to understand it 👽a fascinating glimpse into life in the ocean
31
sus•cep•tible adj. 🌗 | NAmE /səˈseptəbl /
sus•cep•tible adj. 🌗 NAmE /səˈseptəbl / 1 very likely to be influenced, harmed or affected by sb/sth 👽He's highly susceptible to flattery. 👽Some of these plants are more susceptible to frost damage than others.
32
cater verb 🌗 | NAmE /ˈkeɪtər /
cater verb 🌗 NAmE /ˈkeɪtər / 1 to provide food and drinks for a social event 2 cater to/ to provide the things that a particular type or person wants, especially things that you do not approve of 👽They only publish novels which cater to the mass market.
33
de·mise  ​noun 🌗 | NAmE /dɪˈmaɪz/
de·mise  ​noun 🌗 NAmE /dɪˈmaɪz/ formal 1 the end of something that used to exist 2 the end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, etc. 2 (formal or humorous) death 👽his imminent/​sudden/​sad demise
34
strand noun 🌗 | NAmE /strænd /
strand noun 🌗 NAmE /strænd / 1 a single thin piece of thread, wire, hair, etc. 👽She wore a single strand of pearls around her neck. 2 one of the different parts of an idea, a plan, a story, etc. 👽We heard every strand of political opinion. 👽The author draws the different strands of the plot together in the final chapter.
35
sup•press verb 🌗 | NAmE /səˈpres /
sup•press verb 🌗 NAmE /səˈpres / 1 (usually disapproving) (of a government, ruler, etc.) to put an end, often by force, to a group or an activity that is believed to threaten authority SYN quash 👽The rebellion was brutally suppressed. 3 to prevent yourself from having or expressing a feeling or 👽She was unable to suppress her anger.
36
tor•ture verb 🌗 | NAmE /ˈtɔːrtʃər /
tor•ture verb 🌗 NAmE /ˈtɔːrtʃər / to hurt sb physically or mentally in order to punish them or make them tell you sth 👽Many of the rebels were captured and tortured by secret police. SYN torment 👽He spent his life tortured by the memories of his childhood.
37
brand verb 🌗 | NAmE /brænd /
brand verb 🌗 NAmE /brænd / 1 to describe sb as being sth bad or unpleasant, especially unfairly 👽They were branded as liars and cheats. 👽The newspapers branded her a hypocrite.
38
stake noun 🌗 | NAmE /steɪk /
stake noun 🌗 NAmE /steɪk / the stake: a post to which a person was tied in former times before being killed by burning 👽Suspected witches were burnt at the stake.
39
sever  ​verb 🌗 | NAmE /ˈsevər/
``` sever  ​verb 🌗 NAmE /ˈsevər/ (formal) 1 to cut something into two pieces; to cut something off something  a severed artery ``` 2 sever something to completely end a relationship or all communication with somebody ➔ SYNONYM  ​break off  The two countries have severed all diplomatic links.
40
ma·niac  ​noun 🌗 | NAmE /ˈmeɪniæk/
ma·niac  ​noun 🌗 NAmE /ˈmeɪniæk/ 1 (informal) a person who behaves in an extremely dangerous, wild or stupid way ➔ SYN madman  He was driving like a maniac.
41
bur·den  ​noun 🌗 | NAmE /ˈbɜːrdn/
bur·den  ​noun 🌗 NAmE /ˈbɜːrdn/ 1 a duty, responsibility, etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work  The main burden of caring for old people falls on the state. 2 (formal) a heavy load that is difficult to carry
42
seem·ing·ly  ​adverb 🌗 | NAmE /ˈsiːmɪŋli/
seem·ing·ly  ​adverb 🌗 NAmE /ˈsiːmɪŋli/ appearing to have a particular quality, when this may or may not be true SYN apparently 👽a seemingly endless journey 👽 It was a seemingly impossible task.
43
com•pel•ling adj. 🌗 | NAmE /kəmˈpelɪŋ /
com•pel•ling adj. 🌗 NAmE /kəmˈpelɪŋ / convincente, persuasivo, cautivador 1 that makes you pay attention to it because it is so interesting and exciting 👽Her latest book makes compelling reading. 2 so strong that you must do sth about it 👽a compelling need/desire 3 that makes you think it is true 👽There is no compelling reason to believe him.
44
stun adj 🌗 | NAmE /stʌnd /
stun adj 🌗 NAmE /stʌnd / too surprised or shocked to speak  👽He looked completely stunned. 👽The audience sat in stunned silence.
45
erode verb 🌗 | NAmE /ɪˈroʊd /
erode verb 🌗 NAmE /ɪˈroʊd / 1 to gradually destroy the surface of sth through the action of wind, rain, etc; to be gradually destroyed in this way SYN wear away 👽The rocks have eroded away over time. 2 to gradually destroy sth or make it weaker over a period of time; to be destroyed or made weaker in this way 👽Her confidence has been slowly eroded by repeated failures.
46
plain•ly adv. 🌗 | NAmE /ˈpleɪnli /
plain•ly adv. 🌗 NAmE /ˈpleɪnli / 1 in a way that is easy to see, hear, understand or believe SYN clearly 👽The sea was plainly visible in the distance. 👽Plainly (= obviously) something was wrong. 2 using simple words to say sth in a direct and honest way
47
em•power verb 🌗 | NAmE /ɪmˈpaʊər /
em•power verb 🌗 NAmE /ɪmˈpaʊər / 1 (formal) to give sb the power or authority to do sth SYN authorize 👽The courts were empowered to impose the death sentence for certain crimes. 2 to give someone more control over their own life or situation
48
de•cisive adj. 🌗 | NAmE /dɪˈsaɪsɪv /
de•cisive adj. 🌗 NAmE /dɪˈsaɪsɪv / 1 very important for the final result of a particular situation 👽a decisive factor/victory/battle 👽Climate was a decisive factor in establishing where the tournament should be held. 👽She has played a decisive role in the peace negotiations.
49
em•power verb 🌗 | NAmE /ɪmˈpaʊər /
em•power verb 🌗 NAmE /ɪmˈpaʊər / 1 (formal) to give sb the power or authority to do sth SYN authorize 👽The courts were empowered to impose the death sentence for certain crimes. 2 to give someone more control over their own life or situation
50
renew verb 🌗 | NAmE /rɪˈnuː /
renew verb 🌗 NAmE /rɪˈnuː / to begin sth again after a pause or an interruption SYN resume 👽The army renewed its assault on the capital. 👽We have to renew our efforts to attract young players.
51
peri•od•ic•al•ly adv. 🌗 | NAmE ˌpɪriˈɑːdɪkli / adv.
peri•od•ic•al•ly adv. 🌗 NAmE ˌpɪriˈɑːdɪkli / adv. happening fairly often and regularly 👽 Periodically, we meet to discuss any problems.
52
be•nign adj. 🌗 | NAmE /bɪˈnaɪn /
be•nign adj. 🌗 NAmE /bɪˈnaɪn / 1 (formal) (of people) kind and gentle; not hurting anybody 👽You would never have guessed his intentions from the benign expression on his face.
53
elicit verb | NAmE /iˈlɪsɪt /
elicit verb NAmE /iˈlɪsɪt / (formal) to get information or a reaction from sb, often with difficulty 👽 I could elicit no response from him. 👽 Her tears elicited great sympathy from her audience.
54
emerge verb 🌗🌗 | NAmE /iˈmɜːrdʒ /
emerge verb 🌗🌗 NAmE /iˈmɜːrdʒ / to come out of a dark, confined or hidden place. 👽The swimmer emerged from the lake.