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MSK > Lower extremity A&P > Flashcards

Lower extremity A&P Flashcards

1
Q

What are the hip bones composed of?

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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2
Q

What is the largest, most superior portion of the hip bone?

A

Ilium

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3
Q

What is the lower posterior part of the hip bone?

A

Ischium

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4
Q

What is the lower anterior portion of the hip bone?

A

Pubis

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5
Q

What is the acetabulum?

A

Forms the socket for the head of the femur

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6
Q

What is the obturator foramen?

A

Formed by articulation of the ischium and pubis
Largest foramen in the body

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7
Q

Muscles that move the femur

A

Psoas Major
Iliacus
Gluteus maximus/Medius
Tenor fascia latae
Adductor longus/magnus
Piriformis
Pertineus

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8
Q

psoas major

A

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

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9
Q

What Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

A

iliacus

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10
Q

Extends and rotates thigh laterally
Helps lock knee in extension

A

Gluteus maximus

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11
Q

Abducts and rotates thigh medially

A

gluteus medius

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12
Q

What Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint
Helps lock knee in extension

A

Tensor fascia latae

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13
Q

Adducts, rotates and flexes thigh at hip

A

adductor longus

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14
Q

adductor magnus

A

Adducts, flexes, rotates and extends thigh at the hip joint

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15
Q

External rotation of thigh laterally and abducts

A

piriformis

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16
Q

Flexes and adducts thigh

A

pectineus

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17
Q

Bones of the knee

A

Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Patellar ligament

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18
Q

What is the projection from femur at the side of the hip?

A

Greater trochanter

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19
Q

Functions of patella

A

Provides leverage for quadriceps muscle
Protect the knee

20
Q

What is the attachment site for the patella ligament and forms medial malleolus?

A

Tibial tuberosity

21
Q

Function of the Medial collateral ligament

A

Strengths the medial aspect of the knee

22
Q

Function of the lateral collateral ligament

A

Strengthens the lateral aspect of the knee

23
Q

Function of the anterior cruciate ligament

A

Extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to femur
Limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

24
Q

Function of the posterior cruciate ligament

A

Extends anteriorly and medially from the tibia to the femur
Prevents posterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

25
Q

What are menisci

A

Fibrocartilage discs that fit between tibial and femoral condyles

26
Q

What is a bursae?

A

Sac filled with fluid and reduce friction

27
Q

Where are all of the bursae located in the knee

A

Prepatellar
Pen anserine
Infrapatellar
Suprapatellar

28
Q

What muscles move the leg

A

Gracilis
Adductor magnus/adductor longus/pectineus
Rectus feoris
Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius
Sartorius
Bicep femoris
Semitendinosis/semimembranosis

29
Q

Function of the gracilis

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh
Flexes leg at the knee

30
Q

Function of the adductor magnus/longus/pectineus

A

Adduct the femur

31
Q

Function of the rectus femoris

A

Extends the knee
Flexes the hip

32
Q

Function of the vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedius

A

Extend the knee

33
Q

Function of the sartorius

A

Flexes the knee
Weakly flexes the hip
Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh

34
Q

Function of the bicep femoris

A

Extends thigh at the hip
Flexes the leg at knee joint

35
Q

Function of the semitendinosis

A

Extends the thigh at the hip
Flexes leg at the knee

36
Q

Function of the semimembranosis

A

Extends thigh at the hip
Flexes leg at the knee

37
Q

What is the ankle mortis

A

Formed by distal end of tibia and fibula

38
Q

Bones of the ankle

A

Large talus (ankle bone)
Calcaneus (heel bone)
Cuboid (lateral)
Navicular (medial)
Cuneiforms (numbered 1-3 medial to lateral)

39
Q

Muscles that move the foot

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum Longus
Fibularis longus
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus

40
Q

Function of the tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

41
Q

Function of extensor digitorum longus

A

Dorsiflexes and everts foot
Extends toes

42
Q

Function of fibularis longus

A

Plantarflexes and everts foot

43
Q

Function of the gastrocnemius

A

Plantarflexes foot
Flexes leg at the knee

44
Q

Function of the soleus

A

Plantarflexes foot

45
Q

Function of the tibialis posterior

A

Plantarflexes and inverts foot

46
Q

Function of the flexor digitorum longus

A

Plantarflexes foot
Flexes toes

MSK (9 decks)

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