Lower extremity A&P

Question 1

What are the hip bones composed of?

Answer 1

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

Question 2

What is the largest, most superior portion of the hip bone?

Answer 2

Ilium

Question 3

What is the lower posterior part of the hip bone?

Answer 3

Ischium

Question 4

What is the lower anterior portion of the hip bone?

Answer 4

Pubis

Question 5

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 5

Forms the socket for the head of the femur

Question 6

What is the obturator foramen?

Answer 6

Formed by articulation of the ischium and pubis
Largest foramen in the body

Question 7

Muscles that move the femur

Answer 7

Psoas Major
Iliacus
Gluteus maximus/Medius
Tenor fascia latae
Adductor longus/magnus
Piriformis
Pertineus

Question 8

psoas major

Answer 8

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Question 9

What Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Answer 9

iliacus

Question 10

Extends and rotates thigh laterally
Helps lock knee in extension

Answer 10

Gluteus maximus

Question 11

Abducts and rotates thigh medially

Answer 11

gluteus medius

Question 12

What Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint
Helps lock knee in extension

Answer 12

Tensor fascia latae

Question 13

Adducts, rotates and flexes thigh at hip

Answer 13

adductor longus

Question 14

adductor magnus

Answer 14

Adducts, flexes, rotates and extends thigh at the hip joint

Question 15

External rotation of thigh laterally and abducts

Answer 15

piriformis

Question 16

Flexes and adducts thigh

Answer 16

pectineus

Question 17

Bones of the knee

Answer 17

Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Patellar ligament

Question 18

What is the projection from femur at the side of the hip?

Answer 18

Greater trochanter

Question 19

Functions of patella

Answer 19

Provides leverage for quadriceps muscle
Protect the knee

Question 20

What is the attachment site for the patella ligament and forms medial malleolus?

Answer 20

Tibial tuberosity

Question 21

Function of the Medial collateral ligament

Answer 21

Strengths the medial aspect of the knee

Question 22

Function of the lateral collateral ligament

Answer 22

Strengthens the lateral aspect of the knee

Question 23

Function of the anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 23

Extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to femur
Limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

Question 24

Function of the posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 24

Extends anteriorly and medially from the tibia to the femur
Prevents posterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

Question 25

What are menisci

Answer 25

Fibrocartilage discs that fit between tibial and femoral condyles

Question 26

What is a bursae?

Answer 26

Sac filled with fluid and reduce friction

Question 27

Where are all of the bursae located in the knee

Answer 27

Prepatellar Pen anserine Infrapatellar Suprapatellar

Question 28

What muscles move the leg

Answer 28

Gracilis Adductor magnus/adductor longus/pectineus Rectus feoris Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius Sartorius Bicep femoris Semitendinosis/semimembranosis

Question 29

Function of the gracilis

Answer 29

Adducts and medially rotates thigh Flexes leg at the knee

Question 30

Function of the adductor magnus/longus/pectineus

Answer 30

Adduct the femur

Question 31

Function of the rectus femoris

Answer 31

Extends the knee Flexes the hip

Question 32

Function of the vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedius

Answer 32

Extend the knee

Question 33

Function of the sartorius

Answer 33

Flexes the knee Weakly flexes the hip Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh

Question 34

Function of the bicep femoris

Answer 34

Extends thigh at the hip Flexes the leg at knee joint

Question 35

Function of the semitendinosis

Answer 35

Extends the thigh at the hip Flexes leg at the knee

Question 36

Function of the semimembranosis

Answer 36

Extends thigh at the hip Flexes leg at the knee

Question 37

What is the ankle mortis

Answer 37

Formed by distal end of tibia and fibula

Question 38

Bones of the ankle

Answer 38

Large talus (ankle bone) Calcaneus (heel bone) Cuboid (lateral) Navicular (medial) Cuneiforms (numbered 1-3 medial to lateral)

Question 39

Muscles that move the foot

Answer 39

Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum Longus Fibularis longus Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus

Question 40

Function of the tibialis anterior

Answer 40

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

Question 41

Function of extensor digitorum longus

Answer 41

Dorsiflexes and everts foot Extends toes

Question 42

Function of fibularis longus

Answer 42

Plantarflexes and everts foot

Question 43

Function of the gastrocnemius

Answer 43

Plantarflexes foot Flexes leg at the knee

Question 44

Function of the soleus

Answer 44

Plantarflexes foot

Question 45

Function of the tibialis posterior

Answer 45

Plantarflexes and inverts foot

Question 46

Function of the flexor digitorum longus

Answer 46

Plantarflexes foot Flexes toes