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Regional Anatomy > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: Posterior ilium, sacrotuberous ligament, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
I: Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity
N: Inferior gluteal
A: Extension and lateral rotation of hip

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2
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O: Anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter
N: Superior gluteal
A: Abduction, medial rotation of hip

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3
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

O: Anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: Anterior surface of greater trochanter
N: Superior gluteal
A: Abduction and medial rotation of hip

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4
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Anterior sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
I: Superior border of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to piriformis
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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5
Q

Superior gemellus

A

O: Ischial spine
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to obturator internus
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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6
Q

Obturator internus

A

O: Internal pelvic surface of bones forming obturator foramen
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to obturator internus
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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7
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to quadratus femoris
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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8
Q

Obturator externus

A

O: External pelvic surface of bones forming obturator foramen
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
N: Obturator
A: Lateral rotation of hip

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9
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: Intertrochanteric crest
N: Nerve to quadratus femoris
A: Lateral rotation of hip

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10
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of tibia
N: Tibial
A: Extend hip, flex knee

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11
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Pes anserine (goose’s foot)
N: Tibial
A: Extend hip, flex knee

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12
Q

Biceps femoris

A 
O: Long head --> ischial tuberosity
     Short head --> linea aspera
I: Fibular head
N: L --> tibial 
    S --> common peroneal
A: L --> extend hip, flexes knee 
    S --> flexes knee
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13
Q

Psoas major

A

O: TP L1-L5, lateral vertebral bodies and IVD of T12-L5
I: Lesser trochanter
N: Ventral rami
A: Hip and trunk flexion

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14
Q

Iliacus

A

O: Superior 2/3 iliac fossa, sacral ala, anterior SI ligament
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
N: Femoral
A: Hip flexion

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15
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

O: ASIS, anterior iliac crest
I: IT band to lateral condyle of tibia
N: Superior gluteal
A: Abduction, medial rotation, flexion of hip

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16
Q

Sartorius

A

O: ASIS
I: Pes anserine
N: Femoral
A: Flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh, flex knee

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17
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: AIIS, superior rim of acetabulum
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Flexion of hip, extension of knee

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18
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: Greater trochanter and linea aspera
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Extension of knee

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19
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: Anterior and lateral femur
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Extension of knee

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20
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Extension of knee

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21
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur
N: Femoral and obturator
A: Adduction, flexion, medial rotation of hip

22
Q

Adductor brevis

A

O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
N: Obturator nerve
A: Adduct hip

23
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: Body of pubis
I: Middle linea aspera
N: Obturator
A: Adduct hip

24
Q

Adductor magnus

A

O: Inferior pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
I: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, adductor tubercle of femur
N: Obturator and tibial
A: Adduction, flexion, extension of hip

25
Gracilis
O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis I: Pes anserine N: Obturator A: Adduction of hip, flexion of knee
26
Tibialis anterior
O: Lateral condyle, lateral tibia, interosseous membrane I: Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal N: Deep peroneal A: Dorsiflexion and inversion
27
Extensor digitorum longus
O: Lateral condyle of tibia, medial fibula, interosseous membrane I: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 N: Deep peroneal A: Extend digits and dorsiflex ankle
28
Extensor hallucis longus
O: Anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane I: Distal phalanx of hallux N: Deep peroneal Extend hallux and dorsiflex ankle
29
Peroneus longus
O: Head and lateral surface of fibula I: Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform N: Superficial peroneal A: Eversion of foot, plantar flexion
30
Peroneus brevis
O: Lateral surface of fibula I: Base of 5th metatarsal N: Superficial peroneal A: Eversion of foot, plantar flexion of ankle
31
Peroneus tertius
O: Anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane I: Base of 5th metatarsal N: Deep peroneal A: Dorsiflexion of ankle and eversion of foot
32
Gastrocnemius
O: Lateral --> lateral condyle of femur Medial --> popliteal surface of femur I: Posterior calcaneus N: Tibial A: Plantarflexion of ankle and flexion of knee
33
Soleus
O: Head of fibula and medial surface of tibia I: Posterior calcaneus N: Tibial A: Plantar flexion
34
Plantaris
O: Supracondylar line and oblique popliteal ligament I: Posterior calcaneus N: Tibial A: Plantar Flexion of ankle
35
Popliteus
O: Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus I: Posterior tibia N: Tibial A: Unlocks and flexes knee
36
Tibialis posterior
O: Posterior surface of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane I: Navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and bases of metatarsals 2-4 N: Tibial A: Plantar flexion, inversion of foot
37
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: Posterior surface of tibia and fibula Insertion: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Nerve: Tibial Action: Flexion of digits and plantar flexion of ankle
38
Flexor hallicus longus
Origin: Posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: Distal phalanx of hallux Nerve: Tibial Action: Flexion of hallux
39
Extensor hallucis brevis
O: Calcaneous I: Proximal phalanx of hallux N: Deep peroneal A: Extends hallux
40
Extensor digitorum brevis
O: Calcaneous I: Proximal phalanges 2,3,4 N: Deep peroneal (fibular) A: Extension of digits 2,3,4
41
Quadratus plantae
O: Medial surface of calcaneous I: Tendon of flexor digitorum longus N: Lateral plantar A: Assist flexor digitorum longus in flexion of digits 2-4
42
Flexor hallicus brevis
O: cuboid and lateral cuneiform I: Proximal phalanx of hallux N: Medial plantar A: Flexion of hallux
43
Flexor digitorum brevis
O: Calcaneous and plantar aponeurosis I: Medial phalanges of digits 2-5 N: Medial plantar A: Flexes digits 2-5
44
Abductor hallucis
O: Calcaneous and flexor retinaculum I: Proximal phalanx of hallux N: Medial plantar A: Abducts and flexes hallux
45
Adductor hallucis
O: Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2,3,4 Transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints I: Base of proximal phalanx of hallux N: Lateral plantar A: Adducts hallux, assists in maintaining arch of foot
46
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
O: Base of 5th metatarsal I: Proximal phalanx digit 5 N: Lateral plantar A: Flexes proximal phalanx digit 5
47
Abductor digiti minimi
O: Calcaneous and plantar aponeurosis I: Base of proximal phalanx digit 5 N: Lateral plantar A: Abduction and flexion of 5th digit
48
Lumbricals
O: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus I: Medial expansion of digits 2-5 N: Medial plantar nerve lumbrical 1, Lateral plantar lumbricals 2-4 A: Flexion of proximal phalanges and extends middle and digital phalanges of digits 2-5
49
Dorsal interossei
O: Metatarsals 1-5 I: Medial and lateral sides of digits 1-5 N: Lateral plantar A: Abduct digits 2-4
50
Plantar interossei
O: Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5 I: Medal sides of proximal phalanges 3-5 N: Lateral plantar A: Adducts digits 3-5

Regional Anatomy (2 decks)

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