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Regional Anatomy > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: Posterior ilium, sacrotuberous ligament, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
I: Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity
N: Inferior gluteal
A: Extension and lateral rotation of hip

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2
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O: Anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter
N: Superior gluteal
A: Abduction, medial rotation of hip

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3
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

O: Anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: Anterior surface of greater trochanter
N: Superior gluteal
A: Abduction and medial rotation of hip

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4
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Anterior sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
I: Superior border of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to piriformis
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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5
Q

Superior gemellus

A

O: Ischial spine
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to obturator internus
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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6
Q

Obturator internus

A

O: Internal pelvic surface of bones forming obturator foramen
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to obturator internus
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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7
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter
N: Nerve to quadratus femoris
A: Abduction and lateral rotation of hip

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8
Q

Obturator externus

A

O: External pelvic surface of bones forming obturator foramen
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
N: Obturator
A: Lateral rotation of hip

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9
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: Intertrochanteric crest
N: Nerve to quadratus femoris
A: Lateral rotation of hip

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10
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of tibia
N: Tibial
A: Extend hip, flex knee

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11
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Pes anserine (goose’s foot)
N: Tibial
A: Extend hip, flex knee

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12
Q

Biceps femoris

A 
O: Long head --> ischial tuberosity
     Short head --> linea aspera
I: Fibular head
N: L --> tibial 
    S --> common peroneal
A: L --> extend hip, flexes knee 
    S --> flexes knee
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13
Q

Psoas major

A

O: TP L1-L5, lateral vertebral bodies and IVD of T12-L5
I: Lesser trochanter
N: Ventral rami
A: Hip and trunk flexion

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14
Q

Iliacus

A

O: Superior 2/3 iliac fossa, sacral ala, anterior SI ligament
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
N: Femoral
A: Hip flexion

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15
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

O: ASIS, anterior iliac crest
I: IT band to lateral condyle of tibia
N: Superior gluteal
A: Abduction, medial rotation, flexion of hip

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16
Q

Sartorius

A

O: ASIS
I: Pes anserine
N: Femoral
A: Flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh, flex knee

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17
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: AIIS, superior rim of acetabulum
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Flexion of hip, extension of knee

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18
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: Greater trochanter and linea aspera
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Extension of knee

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19
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: Anterior and lateral femur
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Extension of knee

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20
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
I: Base of patella
N: Femoral
A: Extension of knee

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21
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur
N: Femoral and obturator
A: Adduction, flexion, medial rotation of hip

22
Q

Adductor brevis

A

O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
N: Obturator nerve
A: Adduct hip

23
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: Body of pubis
I: Middle linea aspera
N: Obturator
A: Adduct hip

24
Q

Adductor magnus

A

O: Inferior pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
I: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, adductor tubercle of femur
N: Obturator and tibial
A: Adduction, flexion, extension of hip

25
Q

Gracilis

A

O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: Pes anserine
N: Obturator
A: Adduction of hip, flexion of knee

26
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O: Lateral condyle, lateral tibia, interosseous membrane
I: Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
N: Deep peroneal
A: Dorsiflexion and inversion

27
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

O: Lateral condyle of tibia, medial fibula, interosseous membrane
I: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
N: Deep peroneal
A: Extend digits and dorsiflex ankle

28
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

O: Anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanx of hallux
N: Deep peroneal
Extend hallux and dorsiflex ankle

29
Q

Peroneus longus

A

O: Head and lateral surface of fibula
I: Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
N: Superficial peroneal
A: Eversion of foot, plantar flexion

30
Q

Peroneus brevis

A

O: Lateral surface of fibula
I: Base of 5th metatarsal
N: Superficial peroneal
A: Eversion of foot, plantar flexion of ankle

31
Q

Peroneus tertius

A

O: Anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Base of 5th metatarsal
N: Deep peroneal
A: Dorsiflexion of ankle and eversion of foot

32
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: Lateral –> lateral condyle of femur
Medial –> popliteal surface of femur
I: Posterior calcaneus
N: Tibial
A: Plantarflexion of ankle and flexion of knee

33
Q

Soleus

A

O: Head of fibula and medial surface of tibia
I: Posterior calcaneus
N: Tibial
A: Plantar flexion

34
Q

Plantaris

A

O: Supracondylar line and oblique popliteal ligament
I: Posterior calcaneus
N: Tibial
A: Plantar Flexion of ankle

35
Q

Popliteus

A

O: Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
I: Posterior tibia
N: Tibial
A: Unlocks and flexes knee

36
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

O: Posterior surface of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
I: Navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and bases of metatarsals 2-4
N: Tibial
A: Plantar flexion, inversion of foot

37
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of tibia and fibula
Insertion: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Nerve: Tibial
Action: Flexion of digits and plantar flexion of ankle

38
Q

Flexor hallicus longus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx of hallux
Nerve: Tibial
Action: Flexion of hallux

39
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

O: Calcaneous
I: Proximal phalanx of hallux
N: Deep peroneal
A: Extends hallux

40
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

O: Calcaneous
I: Proximal phalanges 2,3,4
N: Deep peroneal (fibular)
A: Extension of digits 2,3,4

41
Q

Quadratus plantae

A

O: Medial surface of calcaneous
I: Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
N: Lateral plantar
A: Assist flexor digitorum longus in flexion of digits 2-4

42
Q

Flexor hallicus brevis

A

O: cuboid and lateral cuneiform
I: Proximal phalanx of hallux
N: Medial plantar
A: Flexion of hallux

43
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

O: Calcaneous and plantar aponeurosis
I: Medial phalanges of digits 2-5
N: Medial plantar
A: Flexes digits 2-5

44
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

O: Calcaneous and flexor retinaculum
I: Proximal phalanx of hallux
N: Medial plantar
A: Abducts and flexes hallux

45
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

O: Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2,3,4 Transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints
I: Base of proximal phalanx of hallux
N: Lateral plantar
A: Adducts hallux, assists in maintaining arch of foot

46
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

O: Base of 5th metatarsal
I: Proximal phalanx digit 5
N: Lateral plantar
A: Flexes proximal phalanx digit 5

47
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

O: Calcaneous and plantar aponeurosis
I: Base of proximal phalanx digit 5
N: Lateral plantar
A: Abduction and flexion of 5th digit

48
Q

Lumbricals

A

O: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
I: Medial expansion of digits 2-5
N: Medial plantar nerve lumbrical 1, Lateral plantar lumbricals 2-4
A: Flexion of proximal phalanges and extends middle and digital phalanges of digits 2-5

49
Q

Dorsal interossei

A

O: Metatarsals 1-5
I: Medial and lateral sides of digits 1-5
N: Lateral plantar
A: Abduct digits 2-4

50
Q

Plantar interossei

A

O: Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
I: Medal sides of proximal phalanges 3-5
N: Lateral plantar
A: Adducts digits 3-5

Regional Anatomy (2 decks)

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