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MSK Anatomy > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Psoas Major

A

Origin:
Bodies and bases of transverse processes of L1-L5

Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of the femur

Function:

  1. Flexes vertebral column (torso)
  2. Hip flexion
  3. Laterally rotates the thigh at the hip

Nerve:
Ventral rami of lumbar plexus (L1-L3)

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2
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin:
Iliac fossa of the os coxa

Insertion:
Less trochanter of the femur

Function:

  1. Flexes the trunk and pelvis on the thigh
  2. Hip flexion
  3. Laterally rotates the thigh at the hip

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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3
Q

Pectineus

A

Origin:
Superior pubic ramus

Insertion:
Pectineal line below the lesser trochanter

Function:

  1. Hip flexion
  2. Hip adduction

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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4
Q

Adductor Longus

A

Origin:
Pubic tubercle

Insertion:
Linea aspera of the femur (line below the lesser trochanter of the femur)

Function:

  1. Hip flexion
  2. Hip adduction

Nerve:
Obturator nerve

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5
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

Origin:
Oblique head - inferior pubic ramus
Vertical head - ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Oblique head - gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera and proximal supracondylar line of the femur
Vertical head - adductor tubercle of the femur

Function:
Oblique head:
1. Hip flexion
2. Adduction

Vertical head:
1. Extends the thigh at the hip

Nerve:

  1. Oblique head = obturator nerve
  2. Vertical head = sciatic nerve
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6
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

Origin:
Inferior pubic ramus

Insertion:
Linea aspera of the femur (line below the lesser trochanter of the femur)

Function:

  1. Adduction
  2. Hip flexion

Nerve:
Obturator nerve

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7
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin:
Pubic symphysis

Insertion:
Proximal medial surface of tibia (part of pes anserine)

Function:
1. Adduction

Nerve:
Obturator nerve

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8
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Origin:
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
NB - Rob is younger than me (Rob for Rectus, younger for inferior spine)

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to tibial tubercle

Function:
1. Hip flexion

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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9
Q

TFL

A

Origin:
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

Insertion:
1. Just below the greater trochanter via iliotibial tract

Function:

  1. Hip abduction
  2. Hip flexion

Nerve:
Superior gluteal nerve

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10
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin:
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
NB - Steph is older than Rob (Steph for sartorius and older for superior iliac spine)

Insertion:
Proximal tibia, medial to tibial tuberosity (part of pes anserine)

Function:
1. Knee flexion

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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11
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Origin:
Greater trochanter

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to tibial tubercle

Function:
1. Knee extension

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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12
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Origin:
Intertrochanteric line of the femur

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to tibial tubercle

Function:
1. Knee extension

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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13
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Origin:
Anterior and lateral surface of the shaft of the femur

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to tibial tubercle

Function:
1. Knee extension

Nerve:
Femoral nerve

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14
Q

ASIS

A

Satorius

Inguinal ligament

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15
Q

AIIS

A

Rectus femoris
TFL
Iliofemoral ligament

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16
Q

Lesser trochanter

A

Iliacus

Psoas

17
Q

Biceps femoris: long head

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Head of the fibula

Function:
1. Knee flexion

Nerve:
Sciatic nerve

18
Q

Biceps femoris: short head

A

Origin:
Lateral lip of the linea aspera and upper part of the lateral supracondylar line

Insertion:
Head of fibula

Function:
1. Knee flexion

Nerve:
1. Sciatic nerve

19
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Medial condyle of the tibia and lateral femoral condyle

Function:
1. Knee flexion

Nerve:
Sciatic nerve

20
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Pes anserine

Function:
1. Knee flexion

Nerve:
Sciatic nerve

21
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Origin:
Posterior gluteal line of the inner upper ilium (pelvic bone) and part of the iliac crest (hip bone) near the sacrum

Posterior surface of the lower sacrum

Side of the coccyx

Insertion:
Into the iliotibial tract and greater tuberosity of the femur

Function:
1. Hip extension

Nerve:
Inferior gluteal nerve

22
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Origin:
Outer surface of the iliac crest and posterior gluteal line and anterior gluteal line

Insertion:
Lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

Function:

  1. Thigh abduction
  2. Stabilizer

Nerve:
Superior gluteal nerve

23
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Origin:
Outer surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines (does not involve the iliac crest like the glut med does)

Insertion:
Anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
NB - mini is small enough to come around the front of the greater trochanter

Function:
1. Thigh abduction

Nerve:
Superior gluteal nerve

24
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin:
Side of the sacrum (below the glut minimum)

Insertion:
Piriform fossa of the greater trochanter

Function:
1. External rotation of the thigh

Nerve:
Nerve to piriformis S1 and S2

MSK Anatomy (1 decks)

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