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KINE 1P98 > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

7 bones of the ankle

A 
calcaneus
talus
navicular
cuboid
medial cuneiform
intermediate cuneiform
lateral cuneiform
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2
Q

Arches in the foot

A 
Allow for weight distribution, balance, and proper gait cycle. 
Transverse arch (medial to lateral)
Longitudinal arch (posterior to superior)
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3
Q

Sacro-iliac joint

A

Joint between auricular surface of Sacrum and auricular surface of Ilium
Planar diarthrosis

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4
Q

Pubic Symphysis Joint

A

amphiarthrosis - symphysis

separated by cartilaginous disc. merges left and right pubic bones together

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5
Q

Hip Joint

A

Ball and socket diarthrosis

- strong, dense, and deep articular capsule, 4 ligaments, and muscles increase stability

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6
Q

Knee Joint

A

Hinge diarthrosis + little rotation

  • quadriceps tendon, patellar ligament
  • medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament
  • anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament
  • popliteal ligament
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7
Q

Tibiofibular Joint

A 
gliding diarthrosis
stabilized by:
- interosseus membrane
- posterior tibiofibular ligament
- anterior tibiofibular ligament
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8
Q

Talocrural Joint

A

Ankle joint between talus and tibia and fibula

hinge diarthrosis - dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

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9
Q

Plantar fascia

A

Connective tissue band on plantar surface of foot from calcaneus to the head of the metatarsals

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10
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: iliac crest, gluteal line, sacrum, coccyx
I: IT band, gluteal tuberoisty
A: hip extension

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11
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

O: iliac crest
I: greater trochanter
A: hip abduction

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12
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

O: Ilium between gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter
A: hip abduction

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13
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae

A

O: iliac crest
I: iliotibial band
A: knee extension

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14
Q

Obturators

A

O: obturator foramen
I: greater trochanter
A: lateral rotation of hip

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15
Q

Piriformis

A

O: sacrum
I: greater trochanter
A: lateral rotation of hip

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16
Q

Gemelli

A

O: ischial spine and tuberosity
I: greater trochanter
A: lateral rotation of hip

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17
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest
A: lateral rotation of hip

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18
Q

Adductors (longus, brevis, magnus)

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: linea aspera
A: hip adduction

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19
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line
A: hip adduction

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20
Q

Gracilis

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: medial condyle
A: hip adduction

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21
Q

Iliacus

A

O: Iliac Fossa
I: lesser trochanter
A: hip flexion

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22
Q

Psoas Major

A

O: transverse processes
I: lesser trochanter
A: hip flexion

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23
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

O: ischial tuberosity (LH) and linea aspera (SH)
I: Lateral condyle of tibia
A: knee flexion

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24
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
A: knee flexion

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25
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: tibia
A: knee flexion

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26
Q

Popliteus

A

O: lateral condyle of the femur
I: tibial shift
A: knee flexion

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27
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

O: AIIS
I: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon
A: knee extension

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28
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

O: line aspera
I: tibial tuberosity
A: knee extension

29
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

O: linea aspera
I: tibial tuberosity
A: knee extension

30
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: linea aspera
I: tibial tuberosity
A: knee extension

31
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: base of the first metatarsal
A: dorsiflexion of the ankle, slight inversion

32
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: femoral condyles
I: calcaneus via achilles tendon
A: plantar flexion at ankle, flexion at knee

33
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

O: fibula
I: base of fifth metatarsal
A: eversion of foot, plantar flexion

34
Q

Fibularis longus

A

O: head of fibula
I:base of first metatarsal
A: eversion of foot, plantar flexion

35
Q

Plantaris

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: calcaneus
A: plantar flexion, knee flexion

36
Q

Soleus

A

O: head of fibula
I: calcaneus via achilles tendon
A: plantar flexion

37
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

O: interosseus membrane
I: navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, metatarsals
A: inversion and plantar flexion

38
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

I: distal phalanges 2-5
A: flexion of toes 2-5

39
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

I: distal phalanx of big toe
A: flexes big toe

40
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

I: phalanges 2-5
A: extension of toes 2-5

41
Q

Extensor Hallucis longus

A

I: distal phalanx of big toe
A: extension of big toe

42
Q

Iliotibial band

A

O: iliac crest
I: lateral condyle of tibia
A: hip extension and abduction, lateral rotation @ knee

43
Q

Anterior compartment

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis Longus
Superior and inferior extensor retinaculum

44
Q

Superficial posterior compartment

A

Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus

45
Q

Deep posterior compartment

A

Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Popliteus
Tibialis posterior

46
Q

Lateral compartment

A

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

47
Q

extensor digitorum brevis

A

extends digits 2-5

48
Q

extensor hallucis brevis

A

extends big toe

49
Q

adductor hallucis

A

adducts big toe

50
Q

abductor hallucis

A

abducts big toe

51
Q

abductor digiti minimi

A

abducts pinky toe

52
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

flexes little toe

53
Q

flexor hallucis brevis

A

flexes big toe

54
Q

flexor digitorum brevis

A

flexes toes 2-5

55
Q

lumbricals

A

flexion at metatarsophalangeal joints while maintaining extension at interphalangeal joints

56
Q

dorsal interossei

A

abduct digits (DAB)

57
Q

Plantar interossei

A

adduct digits (PAD)

58
Q

Femoral nerve

A

innervates:

  • quadriceps
  • iliopsoas group
  • sartorius, pectineus
59
Q

Obturator nerve

A

innervates:
- adductor group
gracilis

60
Q

superior gluteal nerve

A

innervates:

- gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae

61
Q

inferior gluteal nerve

A

innervates:

- gluteus maximus

62
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

biggest nerve in the body
innervates:
- lateral rotator group
- hamstrings

63
Q

Tibial nerve

A

innervates:

- posterior compartment and short head of biceps femoris

64
Q

Fibular nerve

A

superficial innervates:
- lateral compartment
deep innervates:
- anterior compartment

65
Q

Saphenous nerve

A

medial leg and ankle

66
Q

Sural nerve

A

lateral leg, ankle, and foot

67
Q

Tibial Nerve

A

plantar surface of foot and heel

68
Q

Fibular nerve

A

dorsal surface of foot

69
Q

Sciatica

A 
compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve
symptoms:
- lower back, butt, and leg pain
- numbness or weakness in legs
- tingling in legs
- difficulty moving leg

KINE 1P98 (3 decks)

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