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MOINA > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus

maximus

A 
O; Lateroposterior surface
of sacrum and coccyx,
Gluteal surface of ilium
(behind posterior gluteal
line), Thoracolumbar
fascia, Sacrotuberous
ligament

I; Iliotibial tract, Gluteal
tuberosity of femur

N; Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-
S2)

A; Hip joint: Thigh extension,
Thigh external rotation,
Thigh abduction (superior
part), Thigh adduction
(inferior part)
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2
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O; Gluteal surface of ilium
(between anterior and
posterior gluteal lines)

I; Lateral aspect of greater
trochanter of femur

N; Superior gluteal nerve
(L4-S1)

A; Hip joint: Thigh abduction,
Thigh internal rotation
(anterior part); Pelvis stabilization

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3
Q

Gluteus

minimus

A

O; Gluteal surface of ilium
(between anterior and
inferior gluteal lines)

I; Anterior aspect of
greater trochanter of
femur

N; Superior gluteal nerve
(L4-S1)

A; Hip joint: Thigh abduction,
Thigh internal rotation
(anterior part); Pelvis stabilization

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4
Q

Tensor fasciae

latae

A

O; Anterior superior iliac
spine (ASIS), Outer lip of
iliac crest

I; Iliotibial tract

N; Superior gluteal nerve
(L4-S1)

A;Hip joint: Thigh internal
rotation, (Weak abduction);
Knee joint: Leg external
rotation, (Weak leg flexion/
extension); Stabilises hip &
knee joints
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5
Q

Iliacus

A

O; Iliac fossa

I; Lesser trochanter of
femur

N; Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh/trunk
flexion, Thigh external
rotation; Trunk lateral
flexion (Psoas major/minor
only)
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6
Q

Psoas major

A 
O; Vertebral bodies of T12-
L4, Intervertebral discs
between T12-L4, Costal
processes of L1-L5
vertebrae

I; Lesser trochanter of
femur

N; Anterior rami of spinal
nerves L1-L3

A; Hip joint: Thigh/trunk
flexion, Thigh external
rotation; Trunk lateral
flexion (Psoas major/minor
only)
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7
Q

Psoas minor

A

O; Vertebral bodies of T12 &
L1 vertebrae

I; Iliopubic eminence,
Pectineal line of pubis

N; Anterior rami of spinal
nerves L1-L3

A; Hip joint: Thigh/trunk
flexion, Thigh external
rotation; Trunk lateral
flexion (Psoas major/minor
only)
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8
Q

Obturator

externus

A

O; Anterior surface of
obturator membrane,
Bony boundaries of
obturator foramen

I; Trochanteric fossa of
femur

N; Obturator nerve (L3, L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh external
rotation, Thigh abduction
(from flexed hip); Stabilises
head of femur in
acetabulum
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9
Q

Obturator

internus

A

O; Ischiopubic ramus,
Posterior surface of
obturator membrane

I; Medial surface of greater
trochanter of femur

N; Nerve to obturator
internus (L5, S1)

A; Hip joint: Thigh external
rotation, Thigh abduction
(from flexed hip); Stabilises
head of femur in
acetabulum
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10
Q

Piriformis

A 
O; Anterior surface of the
sacrum (between the S2
and S4), Gluteal surface
of ilium (near posterior
inferior iliac spine),
(Sacrotuberous
ligament)

I; Apex of greater
trochanter of femur

N; Nerve to piriformis
(S1-S2)

A; Hip joint: Thigh external
rotation, Thigh abduction
(from flexed hip); Stabilises
head of femur in
acetabulum
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11
Q

Quadratus

femoris

A

O; Ischial tuberosity

I; Intertrochanteric crest of
femur

N; Nerve to quadratus
femoris (L4-S1)

A; Hip joint: Thigh external
rotation; Stabilises head of
femur in acetabulum

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12
Q

Sartorius

A

O; Anterior superior iliac
spine (ASIS)

I; Proximal end of tibia
below medial condyle
(via pes anserinus)

N; Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion,
Thigh abduction, Thigh
external rotation; Knee
joint: Leg flexion, Leg
internal rotation
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13
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O; Anterior inferior iliac
spine, Supracetabluar
groove

I; Tibial tuberosity (via
patellar ligament), Patella

N; Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion;
Knee joint: Leg extension

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14
Q

Vastus

intermedius

A

O; Anterior surface of
femoral shaft

I; Tibial tuberosity (via
patellar ligament), Patella

N; Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A; Knee joint: Leg extension

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15
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O; Linea aspera of femur,
Greater trochanter of
femur

I; Tibial tuberosity (via
patellar ligament), Patella,
(Lateral condyle of tibia)

N; Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A; Knee joint: Leg extension

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16
Q

Vastus medialis

A 
O; Intertrochanteric line,
spiral line and linea
aspera, medial
supracondylar line of
femur

I; Tibial tuberosity (via
patellar ligament), Patella,
(Medial condyle of tibia)

N; Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A; Knee joint: Leg extension

17
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O; (Superolateral
impression of)
Ischial tuberosity

I; Medial condyle of tibia

N; Tibial division of sciatic
nerve (L5-S2)

A; Hip joint: Thigh extension,
Thigh internal rotation;
Knee joint: Leg flexion, Leg
internal rotation; Stabilises pelvis

18
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O; (Posteromedial
impression of)
Ischial tuberosity

I; Proximal end of tibia
below medial condyle
(via pes anserinus)

N; Tibial division of sciatic
nerve (L5-S2)

A; Hip joint: Thigh extension,
Thigh internal rotation;
Knee joint: Leg flexion, Leg
internal rotation; Stabilises pelvis

19
Q

Biceps femoris

A 
O; Long head:
(Inferomedial
impression of)
Ischial tuberosity,
Sacrotuberous
ligament
Short head: Linea
aspera of femur
(lateral lip), Lateral
supracondylar line of
femur

I; (Lateral aspect of)
Head of fibula

N; Long head: Tibial division
of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Short head: Common
fibular division of sciatic
nerve (L5-S2)
A; Hip joint: Thigh extension,
Thigh external rotation;
Knee joint: Leg flexion, Leg
external rotation; Stabilises
pelvis
20
Q

Pectineus

A

O; Superior pubic ramus
(Pectineal line of pubis)

I; Pectineal line of femur,
Linea aspera of femur

N; Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
(Obturator nerve (L2, L3)

A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion,
Thigh adduction, Thigh
external rotation, Thigh
internal rotation; Pelvis
stabilization
21
Q

Adductor

magnus

A 
O; Adductor part: Inferior
pubic ramus, Ischial
ramus
Ischiocondylar part:
Ischial tuberosity
I; Adductor part: Gluteal
tuberosity, Linea aspera
(medial lip), Medial
supracondylar line
Ischiocondylar part:
Adductortubercle of
femur
N; Adductor part: Obturator
nerve (L2-L4)
Ischiocondylar part: Tibial
division of sciatic nerve
(L4)
A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion,
Thigh adduction, Thigh
external rotation (adductor
part), Thigh extension,
Thigh internal rotation
(ischiocondylar part); Pelvis
stabilization
22
Q

Adductor

minimus

A

O; Inferior public ramus

I; Gluteal tuberosity of
femur

N; Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh adduction,
Thigh external rotation

23
Q

Adductor

longus

A

O; Anterior body of pubis

I; Linea aspera of femur
(medial lip)

N; Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion,
Thigh adduction, Thigh
external rotation; Pelvis
stabilization

24
Q

Adductor brevis

A

O; Anterior body of pubis,
Inferior pubic ramus

I; Linea aspera of femur
(medial lip)

N; Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion,
Thigh adduction, Thigh
external rotation; Pelvis
stabilization

25
Q

Gracilis

A

O; Anterior body of pubis,
Inferior pubic ramus,
Ischial ramus

I; Medial surface of
proximal tibia (via pes
anserinus)

N; Obturator nerve (L2-L3)

A; Hip joint: Thigh flexion,
Thigh adduction; Knee
joint: Leg flexion, Leg
internal rotation

26
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O; Lateral tibial condyle,
proximal half of lateral
surface of tibia,
Interosseous membrane

I; Medial cuneiform bone,
Base of metatarsal bone 1

N; Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

A; Talocrural Joint: Foot
dorsiflexion; Subtalar joint:
Foot inversion; Supports
medial longitudinal arch of
foot
27
Q

Extensor

hallucis longus

A

O; (Middle third of ) Medial
surface of fibula,
Interosseous membrane

I; Base of distal phalanx of
great toe

N; Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

A; Metatarsophalangeal and
interphalangeal joint 1: Toe
extension; Talocrural joint:
Foot dorsiflexion

28
Q

Extensor
digitorum
longus

A

O; (Proximal half of) Medial
surface of fibula, Lateral
tibial condyle,
Interosseus membrane

I; Distal and middle
phalanges of digits 2-5

N; Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

A; Metatarsophalangeal and
interphalangeal joints 2-5:
Toe extension; Talocrural
joint: Foot dorsiflexion;
Subtalar joint: Foot
eversion
29
Q

Gastrocnemius

A 
O; Lateral head:
Posterolateral surface of
lateral femoral condyle
Medial head: Posterior
surface of medial femoral
condyle, Popliteal surface
of femoral shaft

I; Posterior surface of
calcaneus
(via calcaneal tendon)

N; Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

A; Talocrural joint: Foot
plantar flexion; Knee joint:
Leg flexion

30
Q

Soleus

A

O; Soleal line, Medial border
of tibia, Head of fibula,
Posterior border of fibula

I; Posterior surface of
calcaneus
(via calcaneal tendon)

N; Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

A; Talocrural joint: Foot
plantar flexion

31
Q

Popliteus

A

O; Lateral femoral condyle,
Posterior horn of lateral
meniscus of knee joint

I; Posterior surface of
proximal tibia

N; Tibial nerve (L5-S2)

A; Unlocks knee joint; Knee
joint stabilization

32
Q

Tibialis

posterior

A

O; Posterior surface of tibia,
Posterior surface of
fibula, Interosseous
membrane

I; Tuberosity of navicular
bone, All cuneiform
bones, bases of
metatarsal bones 2-4
(Cuboid bone)

N; Tibial nerve (L4, L5)

A; Talocrural joint: Foot
plantar flexion; Subtalar
joint: Foot inversion;
Supports medial
longitudinal arch of foot
33
Q

Plantaris

A

O; Lateral supracondylar line
of femur, Oblique
popliteal ligament of
knee

I; Posterior surface of
calcaneus
(via calcaneal tendon)

N; Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

A; Talocrural joint: Foot
plantar flexion; Knee joint:
Knee flexion

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