Lower Extremities

Question 1

Thigh Muscles- Gluteus Maximus

Answer 1

extends the hip

innervated by tibial branch of the sciatic nerve

Question 2

Thigh Muscles- Hamstring

Answer 2

Biceps brachii, semitendenosus, semimembranousus
extend hip and flex knee
innervated by tibial branch of the sciatic nerve

Question 3

Thigh Muscles- Quadriceps

Answer 3

rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedialis
flex hip and extend knee
innervated by femoral nerve

Question 4

Medial Thigh Muscles- Adductor Muscles

Answer 4

Adductors = medial (abductors=lateral)
hip/thigh adduction and medial rotation
adductor longus, brevis, magnus
innervated by obturator nerve

Question 5

Medial Thigh Muscles- Pectineus, gracilis

Answer 5

hip/thigh adduction and medial rotation

innervated by obturator nerve

Question 6

Hip/Thigh Flexion

Answer 6

anterior and medial muscles. Originate in backbone or pelvis

• psoas major
• iliopsoas
• iliacus
• sartorius

Question 7

Femoral Triangle

Answer 7

inguinal ligament, adductor longus, sartorius

Question 8

Anterior Compartment of thigh

Answer 8

flexes thigh/hip
abducts
medially rotates
innervated by superior gluteal nerve
-tensor facia lata
-quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus muscles)

Question 9

Posterior Compartment of Thigh

Answer 9

Extend hip, flex knee
gluteus maximus
gluteus minimus/medius- abducts and medially rotates
hamstrings
innervated by tibial branch of sciatic nerve

Question 10

Lateral Rotators of hip

Answer 10

piriformis
superior gemella
obturator internus
inferior gemella
obutrator externis
quadratus femoris

Question 11

Lower Leg- Fascia Lata

Answer 11

surrounds leg muscles and tightly binds them. Divides leg into 3 compartments- anterior, posterior, lateral.
prevents swelling during excercise
aids venous return
these tendons are help in place by extensor, fibular, and flexor retinacula

Question 12

Lower Leg- Posterior compartment

Answer 12

gastrocnemius & soleus- plantar flexors
Flexor hallucis and digitorum- digit flexors and inversion
tibialis posterior & popliteus- digit flexors and inversion
innervated by tibial nerve

Question 13

Lower Leg- Anterior Compartment

Answer 13

digitalis longus and hallucis- digit extensors
dorsiflexors- tibialis anterior
innervation- deep fibular nerve

Question 14

Lower Leg- Lateral compartment

Answer 14

fibularis longus and brevis- plantar flexion and eversion

innervated by the superficial fibular nerve

Question 15

Foot- Dorsal aspect

Answer 15

extensor digitorum brevis

innervated by deep fibular nerve

Question 16

Foot- plantar aspect

Answer 16

many muscles (3 layers). All innervated by branches of the tibial nerve

Question 17

Foot- Plantar aspect: layer 1

Answer 17

flexor digitorum brevis
abductor hallucis
abductor digiti minimi

Question 18

Foot- Plantar aspect: layer 2

Answer 18

flexoraccessorius
lumbricals
flexion of toes, help brevis

Question 19

Foot- Plantar aspect: layer 3

Answer 19

adductor hallucis (transverse and oblique heads)- bring toes together
hallucis brevis- big toe flexion
flexor hallucis minimi brevis- pinky toe flexion