Lower Extremities

Question 1

The lumbar plexus is formed by

Answer 1

the ventral rami of L1 to L4, with occasional contribution from T12.

Question 2

3 major nerves of the lumbar plexus

Answer 2

femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, obturator

Question 3

L2-L4

Answer 3

femoral nerve and obturator nerve

Question 4

L2-L3

Answer 4

femoral cutaneous

Question 5

where does the sacral plexus arise from

Answer 5

L4 to L5 and S1 to S4

Question 6

function of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 6

sensory innervation to the posterior thigh

Question 7

The posterior thigh and most of the leg and foot are supplied by

Answer 7

the tibial and peroneal portions of the sciatic nerve

Question 8

most medial branch of femoral nerve

Answer 8

saphenous nerve

Question 9

the saphenous nerve innervates…

Answer 9

much of the skin of the medial leg and ankle joint

Question 10

provides sole motor innervation to the quadriceps

Answer 10

femoral nerve

Question 11

if the ____________ nerve is blocked, knee buckling will result

Answer 11

femoral

Question 12

The femoral nerve provides sensory innervation to

Answer 12

the hip and thigh, and to the medial leg via its terminal branch, the saphenous nerve.

Question 13

how does the femoral nerve appear in cross-section

Answer 13

a spindle-shaped structure with a “honeycomb” texture

Question 14

what block relies on feeling two pops as the needle traverses the fascia lata and fascia iliaca

Answer 14

fascia iliaca plane block

Question 15

the fascia iliaca block may be performed with either a conventional ____________ or newer ____________ technique

Answer 15

infrainguinal; suprainguinal

Question 16

what does the infrainguinal block usually anesthetize

Answer 16

both the femoral nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves because the local anesthetic is deposited under the fascia iliaca between the two nerves that run in the same plane between the fascia and underlying muscles

Question 17

provides sensory innervation to the lateral thigh

Answer 17

lateral femoral cutaneous

Question 18

where does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve depart from

Answer 18

the lumbar plexus (L2-L3)

Question 19

A block of the____________ nerve is usually required for complete anesthesia of the knee and is often performed in combination with femoral and sciatic nerve blocks for this purpose.

Answer 19

obturator

Question 20

contributes sensory branches to the hip and knee joints, a variable degree of sensation to the medial thigh, and motor innervation to the adductors of the hip

Answer 20

obturator nerve

Question 21

lumbar nerve roots emerge from the ____________ into the body of the ____________ muscle

Answer 21

vertebral foramina; psoas

Question 22

adductor canal block is used for analgesia of

Answer 22

the knee and medial leg

Question 23

is the quadriceps muscle affected by an adductor canal block?

Answer 23

less than a femoral block

Question 24

how are the adductor muscles bound

Answer 24

by the sartorius muscle medially, the vastus medialis anteriorly, and the adductor muscles posteriorly

Question 25

most medial branch of the femoral nerve and innervates the skin over the medial leg and the ankle joint

Answer 25

the saphenous nerve

Question 26

saphenous nerve block is mainly used in conjunction with a ____________ nerve block

Answer 26

sciatic

Question 27

where does sciatic nerve originate

Answer 27

lumbosacral trunk

Question 28

sciatic nerve is composed of which nerve roots

Answer 28

L4 to L5 and S1 to S3

Question 29

provides the sensory innervation to the posterior knee and the entire leg, ankle, and foot, with the exception of the medial leg and ankle

Answer 29

sciatic nerve

Question 30

responsible for innervating the hamstring muscles and all motor innervation distal to the knee

Answer 30

sciatic nerve

Question 31

blockade of the sciatic nerve is indicated for

Answer 31

surgical procedures involving the posterior thigh, knee, lower leg, and foo

Question 32

responsible for sensory innervation to the posterior thigh and into the popliteal fossa,

Answer 32

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 33

sacral plexus arises from

Answer 33

L4 to S4

Question 34

only peripheral block that reliably anesthetizes all the terminal branches of the plexus, including the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN)

Answer 34

parasacral block

Question 35

popliteal nerve blocks provide excellent coverage for ____________ and ____________ surgery

Answer 35

foot and ankle

Question 36

popliteal nerve blocks spare what functions

Answer 36

much of the hamstring motor function; allowing lifting of the foot with knee flexion and thus facilitating ambulation

Question 37

sciatic nerve divides into

Answer 37

tibial and common peroneal nerves just proximal to the popliteal fossa and provides sensory innervation to much of the lower leg.

Question 38

which block consists of 5 separate injections

Answer 38

ankle block

Question 39

terminal branch of the femoral nerve

Answer 39

saphenous nerve

Question 40

only innervation of the foot that is not a branch of the sciatic nerve

Answer 40

saphenous nerve

Question 41

provides innervation to the toe extensors and sensation to the first dorsal web space

Answer 41

deep peroneal nerve

Question 42

benefit of pericapsular nerve group block

Answer 42

the possibility of hip analgesia without motor blockade

Question 43

sciatic nerve comes from every branch except ____________

Answer 43

S4

Question 44

sensation to the anteromedial thigh is from the ____________

Answer 44

femoral nerve

Question 45

the lumbar plexus provides ____________ innervation to the ____________ portion of the thigh

Answer 45

motor and sensory; anterior

Question 46

the lumbar plexus provides ____________ innervation to the ____________ leg

Answer 46

sensory; medial

Question 47

sciatic nerve becomes the ____________ and ____________ nerves

Answer 47

the tibial and common peroneal

Question 48

S1-S3 function

Answer 48

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve; provides sensory innervation to posterior thigh

Question 49

motor response of the quad muscle group

Answer 49

patellar snap

Question 50

tibial is ____________

Answer 50

medial

Question 51

sural is ____________

Answer 51

lateral