lower c syndromes

Question 1

cervical spondylosis

Answer 1

Age related degenerative changes that begin in the IV disc and involve other tissues

Articular cartilage of apophyseal joint
Bones of cervical spine
unciform processes and joints

Question 2

four groups of cervical spondylosis

Answer 2

Neck pain
Neck pain with proximal referral
Radicular pain
Myelopathy

Question 3

Narrowing of the vertebral canal gives what type of signs

Answer 3

Cord signs

Question 4

narrowing of the intervertebral foreman gives which sign

Answer 4

Nerve root signs

Question 5

Cervical disc protrusion will usually occur

Answer 5

Laterally because of the width and strength of the posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 6

Subjective findings of cervical spondylosis

Answer 6

pain locally in lower cervical spine or radiating down into one or both of the upper extremities

May have radiculopathy, nerve root or myelopathy, cord

Stiffness is a common complaint
Movement and posture as aggravating factors

Question 7

Objective findings for cervical spondylosis

Answer 7

Lower cervical spine- flexion and extension limited movements
Flexion may be more painfully limited because of the disc

Quadrant may be positive if referred pain radiculopathy
Upper limb tension test
X-ray will show degenerative changes

Question 8

treatment of cervical spondylosis

Answer 8

dependent upon symptoms
Modalities for pain, relief
Mobilization for stiff segments
Exercises and posture, correction to control and prevent further exacerbation

Question 9

Cervical intervertebral disc

Answer 9

metabolic and biochemical changes which result from aging and trauma lead to degeneration of the IV disc

considered a starter for cervical spondylosis

Question 10

cervical syndrome

Answer 10

Non-specific neck pain
Symptoms and neck itself, or may have radiation to mid scapula shoulder or arm

All cervical symptoms arise from lower cervical spine
Self limiting disorder, especially in those aged under 30 which spontaneously resolves

Question 11

if cervical syndrome is left untreated, what will it progress to?

Answer 11

Brachial neuralgia

Question 12

brachial neuralgia

Answer 12

Cervical radiculopathy
Pain and the distribution of a specific nerve root as a result of compressive pathology

Seldom short-lived symptoms last up to 16 weeks before natural resolution and with some weakness remaining in some
Often proceeded by episodic neck pain

Symptoms may develop slowly or suddenly

Posture slight flexion and lateral flexion away from the affected side

Generally involves C5 to C7 segments

Question 13

C4/5 disc

Answer 13

4.1%
Shoulder to proximal half of upper arm

Question 14

C5/6 disc C6 root

Answer 14

36.1%
Radial side of arm to include thumb and occasionally index finger may have weakness of biceps and brachialis

Question 15

C6/7 disc C7 root

Answer 15

34.6%
Posterolateral part of the shoulder and upper arm to posterior part of lower arm to the second third and partly fourth finger with triceps, pronator teres, and thenar muscles affected by weakness

Question 16

C8 root

Answer 16

25.2%
ulnar Side of the arm including fourth and fifth fingers with motor deficit of finger flexors, interosseous and hypothenar muscles

Question 17

brachial neuralgia incidence correlated to

Answer 17

heavy, lifting smoking, vibrating equipment, and riding in cars

Recovery dependent upon degree of radiation of symptoms- centralization phenomenon