low chapter Flashcards
how long should dilutions of creams or ointments be used for?
2 weeks
how often should emollients and barrier preparations be applied on the skin and why?
frequently bc their effect is short lived
which organisation is responsible for advising the NHS on prescribing items formulated for medical conditions?
ACBS : advisory committee on borderline substance
what is the risk and warning that should be communicated to patients who use many emollients?
fire risk associated with build up of residue of emollients on clothing. pt not to go near smoke or naked flames
what are barrier creams and what do they contain?
who are they mostly for?
water repellant. include things like dimeticone and other silicones
used for bed sores, elderly, stomas
what is 1st line and 2nd line treatment of nappy rash/
1st line: change nappies frequently, expose babies to air, avoid tight pants
2nd line: antifungal eg clotrimazole. alternatively, zinc oxide creams
what is cellulitis?
what are the symptoms
infection of sc fat. symptoms include red swollen painful skin
what creams are normally used to treat impetigo?
antiseptics/antibacterials eg fusidic acid or mupirocin
what can be used to treat infected burns?
silver sulfadiazine [flamazine]
how long should a patient use antifungals to treat a skin condition?
1-2 weeks after the disappearance of all signs of infection
what is pityriasis versicolor and how can it be treated?
harmless antifungal condition causing patches of discoloured skin [lighter or darker].
can be treated with ketoconazole shampoo
what is candidiasis [thrush] treated with?
topical anti-fungals eg clotrimazole
what is angular cheilitis and how do you treat it?
red swollen painful patches in corner of mouth where lip meets
treat with miconazole cream
what is the treatment of cold sores and how many times a day should it be used?
aciclovir
5 times a day
what is the treatment for scabies?
what is the counselling for it?
permethrin/malathion [lyclear]
- all house members must be treated at same time
- leave on for 8-12 hours then wash off
- applied twice, one week apart
- reapply if washed hands
- itching may still occur for a few weeks can use antihistamine, crotamiton, corticosteroid
what is normally used to treat headlice?
how often should it be applied and why?
dimeticone
apply again after 7 days bc it is not as good as killing eggs
what are used to treat pubic lice?
permethrin and malathion
what is the counselling for headlice?
apply dimeticone [hedrin] for 8-12 hours or overnight
apply again in 7 days
treat all household members at same time
comb wet hair for 30 mins
do this every 4 days for 2 weeks until no lice is left
use hair conditioner as it makes it slippery for lice
when should the steroid cream and the moisturiser be applied in eczema?
steroid cream put on first then wait for 30 mins then add moisturiser
can topical corticosteroids be used for acne?
no
when are topical corticosteroids considered for eczema?
when emollients do not work
what is the choice of formulation for moist/weeping lesions in eczema?
what is the choice of formulation for dry/scaly lesions in eczema?
what is the choice of formulation for hairy/large areas in eczema?
corticosteroid CREAMS
ointments
lotions
what is isotretinoin used to treat?
what are the s/e?
can it be used in pregnant women
acne
dryness of skin/eyes/lips and nose bleeds
no - teratognic
what is rosacea?
what are the treatments for it?
facial redness
low dose doxycycline/topical metronidazole/brimonidine tartrate
